The Protective Potential of Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss. on Paracetamol-Induced Hepatio-Renal Toxicity and Antiproteinuric Effect: A Biochemical, Hematological, and Histopathological Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Material
2.2. Preparation of Plant Extract
2.3. In Vivo Hepatorenal Protective Activity
2.3.1. Test Animals
2.3.2. Experimental Design
2.3.3. Urine Collection and Analysis
2.3.4. Blood Sampling
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Effect of PC-Ext and Paracetamol on Kidneys and Liver Function Tests
3.2. Effect of Paracetamol and PC-Ext on Hematological Parameters
3.3. Influence of Paracetamol and Parsley on Proteinuria
3.4. Histological Findings
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
6. Future Research Directions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Blood Variables | Control | Normal Group | APAP-Control | APAP + PC-Ext |
---|---|---|---|---|
ALT (U/L) | 89.5 ± 3.54 | 82 ± 2.83 | 143.11 ± 0.34 a*** | 111.5 ± 12.02 a***,b*** |
AST (U/L) | 223 ± 31.11 | 231 ± 4.35 | 282 ± 7.88 a*** | 232 ± 1.08 b*** |
ALP (UI/L) | 238.5 ± 3.1 | 245.5 ± 9.09 a*** | 337.5 ± 4.09 a*** | 262.5 ± 7.9 a***,b*** |
Albumin (g/L) | 43.15 ± 3.75 | 46.7 ± 3.82 | 34.25 ± 0.35 | 44.15 ± 0.45 |
Creatinine (mg/L) | 4.1 ± 0.13 | 4.45 ± 0.52 | 5.57 ± 0.34 | 4.04 ± 0.25 |
BUN (g/L) | 0.24 ± 0.06 | 0.36 ± 0.04 | 0.49 ± 0.12 | 0.38 ± 0.00 |
Uric acid (mg/L) | 18.93 ± 11.78 | 16.1 ± 7.09 | 13.26 ± 0.62 | 17.82 ± 0.40 |
Protein (g/L) | 66.67 ± 2.35 | 67.32 ± 7.28 | 56.5 ± 3.02 | 65.30 ± 5.38 |
LDH (U/L) | 107.15 ± 1.48 | 91 ± 5.6 a* | 265.10 ± 4.76 a*** | 130.35 ± 8.13 a***,b*** |
Triglycerides (g/L) | 0.4 ± 0.14 | 1.01 ± 0.28 | 2.13 ± 2.88 | 1.04 ± 0.25 |
Parameters | Control | Normal Group | APAP-Control | APAP + PC-Ext | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
White blood cell (mm3) | 8230.00 ± 3.1 | 8143.7 ± 3.01 a*** | 13020 ± 6.11 a*** | 7261.5 ± 2.43 a***,b*** | |
Red blood cell (M/mm3) | 8.56 ± 0.66 | 8.15 ± 0.77 | 5.02 ± 0.34 | 6.65 ± 0.98 | |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 14.1 ± 0.4 | 14.15 ± 0.92 | 8.98± 1.0 a* | 10.9 ± 1.13 | |
Hematocrit (%) | 49.3 ± 1.2 | 46.6 ± 4.95 | 36.45 ± 4.22 a*** | 44.85 ± 5.02 b** | |
VGM (u3) | 57.6 ± 2.06 | 57.2 ± 0.71 | 48.62 ± 1.23 a*** | 55.45 ± 0.64 b* | |
TCMH (pg) | 16.5 ± 1.1 | 17.4 ± 0.57 | 15.6± 0.2 | 16.4 ± 0.71 | |
CCMH (g/dL) | 34.6 ± 0.42 | 33.4 ± 1.27 | 28.6 ± 0.41 a* | 30.65 ± 0.92 | |
Platelets (103/mm3) | 841 ± 4.02 | 818.5 ± 2.15 a*** | 962 ± 10.27 a*** | 722 ± 3.76 a***,b*** | |
VPM (FL) | 7.6 ± 0.3 | 8 ± 0.42 | 6.02 ± 0.21 | 7.8 ± 0.42 | |
Differential count (%) | Neutrophils (%) | 24.5 ± 0.2 | 23.7 ± 0.19 | 30.1 ± 2.90 a* | 25 ± 1.27 b* |
Eosinophils (%) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
Basophils (%) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 1 ± 1.41 | |
Lymphocytes (%) | 53.5 ± 1.41 | 54 ± 1.04 | 60 ± 2.13 a** | 45 ± 9.90 a***,b*** | |
Monocytes (%) | 2 ± 0.1 | 3 ± 1.41 | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 3 ± 1.41 | |
Granulocytes (%) | 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.00 | 0.7 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.07 |
Interventions mg/kg BWT | Control | Normal Group | APAP-Control | APAP + PC-Ext | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urine volume (mL/24 h) | D0 | 6.2 ± 0.41 | 7.25 ± 1.8 | 6 ± 1.3 | 6.10 ± 0.42 |
D7 | 7.4 ± 0.19 | 10.3 ± 0.1 * | 7.5 ± 0.04 | 7 ± 0.23 | |
D15 | 6.3 ± 0.5 | 16.5 ± 0.5 *** | 8 ± 1.2 | 10.72 ± 0.7 ** | |
F/p values | 0.014/0.924 | 0.121/0.773 | 0.067/0.832 | ||
Urine pH | D0 | 6.53 ± 0.55 | 6.61 ± 0.82 | 6.54 ± 1.04 | 6.67 ± 0.15 |
D7 | 6.44 ± 0.64 | 6.57 ± 1.2 | 6.75 ± 0.58 | 6.38 ± 0.72 | |
D15 | 6.45 ± 1.49 | 6.89 ± 0.63 | 7.53 ± 0.35 | 6.04 ± 0.56 | |
F/p values | 0.622/0.421 | 0.962/0.124 | 0.899/0.205 |
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Nouioura, G.; Kettani, T.; Tourabi, M.; Elousrouti, L.T.; Al kamaly, O.; Alshawwa, S.Z.; Shahat, A.A.; Alhalmi, A.; Lyoussi, B.; Derwich, E. The Protective Potential of Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss. on Paracetamol-Induced Hepatio-Renal Toxicity and Antiproteinuric Effect: A Biochemical, Hematological, and Histopathological Study. Medicina 2023, 59, 1814. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59101814
Nouioura G, Kettani T, Tourabi M, Elousrouti LT, Al kamaly O, Alshawwa SZ, Shahat AA, Alhalmi A, Lyoussi B, Derwich E. The Protective Potential of Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss. on Paracetamol-Induced Hepatio-Renal Toxicity and Antiproteinuric Effect: A Biochemical, Hematological, and Histopathological Study. Medicina. 2023; 59(10):1814. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59101814
Chicago/Turabian StyleNouioura, Ghizlane, Tayeb Kettani, Meryem Tourabi, Layla Tahiri Elousrouti, Omkulthom Al kamaly, Samar Zuhair Alshawwa, Abdelaaty A. Shahat, Abdulsalam Alhalmi, Badiaa Lyoussi, and Elhoussine Derwich. 2023. "The Protective Potential of Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss. on Paracetamol-Induced Hepatio-Renal Toxicity and Antiproteinuric Effect: A Biochemical, Hematological, and Histopathological Study" Medicina 59, no. 10: 1814. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59101814