The Course and Surgical Treatment of Acute Appendicitis during the First and Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Analysis in University Affiliated Hospital in Latvia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Emergency Department Pathway for Patients with Acute Appendicitis
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Demographics
3.2. Diagnostic Procedures
3.3. Surgical Approach and Time until Treatment
3.4. Severity of Acute Appendicitis
3.5. Outcomes
4. Discussion
Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Patients during Pre-COVID-19 n = 454 | Patients during COVID-19 n = 409 | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | ||
Age, median (IQR) | 35 (51–26) | 35 (49–27) | NS |
Age groups | |||
18–24 | 96 (21.15) | 76 (18.58) | NS |
24–30 | 74 (16.30) | 71 (17.36) | NS |
31–40 | 104 (22.91) | 105 (25.67) | NS |
41–50 | 60 (13.22) | 59 (14.43) | NS |
50–64 | 79 (17.40) | 63 (15.40) | NS |
>65 | 41 (9.03) | 35 (8.56) | NS |
Gender | |||
Male | 218 (48) | 201 (49.1) | NS |
Female | 236 (52) | 208 (50.9) | NS |
Severity of appendicitis | |||
Uncomplicated appendicitis | 343 (75.6) | 257 (62.8) | <0.001 |
Complicated appendicitis | 111 (24.4) | 152 (37.2) | <0.001 |
Patients during Pre-COVID-19 n = 454 | Patients during COVID-19 n = 409 | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | ||
US | 324 (71.4) | 275 (67.2) | NS |
CT | 15 (3.3) | 19 (4.6) | NS |
US and CT | 115 (25.3) | 115 (28.1) | NS |
Time | Patients during Pre-COVID-19 n = 454 | Patients during COVID-19 n = 409 | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | ||
Patients that had only US | |||
<6 h | 162 (50) | 149 (54.2) | NS |
6–24 h | 151 (46.6) | 118 (42.9) | NS |
>24 h | 11 (3.4) | 8 (2.9) | NS |
Patients that had only CT scan | |||
<6 h | 7 (46.7) | 10 (52.6) | NS |
6–24 h | 6 (40) | 7 (36.8) | NS |
>24 h | 2 (13.3) | 2 (10.5) | NS |
Patients that had US and CT scan | |||
<6 h | 38 (33.0) | 38 (33) | NS |
6–24 h | 60 (52.2) | 63 (54.8) | NS |
>24 h | 17 (14.8) | 14 (12.2) | NS |
Variable | Patients during Pre-COVID-19 n = 454 | Patients during COVID-19 n = 409 | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | ||
Overall hospital stay (days), median (IQR) | 4 (5–3) | 3 (5–3) | NS |
Overall hospital stay | |||
<3 days | 214 (47.10) | 207 (50.6) | NS |
4–6 days | 191 (42.10) | 166 (40.6) | NS |
>7 days | 49 (10.80) | 36 (8.8) | NS |
Admission to ICU (number of patients) | 10 (2.2) | 13 (3.2) | NS |
Mortality | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0) | NS |
Pre-COVID-19 Period | COVID-19 Period | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
R | p Value | R | p Value | |
All patients | ||||
Overall hospital stay | 0.312 | <0.001 | 0.348 | <0.001 |
Uncomplicated appendicitis | ||||
Overall hospital stay | 0.191 | <0.001 | 0.185 | 0.003 |
Local peritonitis | ||||
Overall hospital stay | 0.405 | <0.001 | 0.396 | <0.001 |
Generalized peritonitis | ||||
Overall hospital stays | 0.48 | 0.06 | 0.497 | 0.012 |
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Lescinska, A.M.; Sondore, E.; Ptasnuka, M.; Mukans, M.; Plaudis, H. The Course and Surgical Treatment of Acute Appendicitis during the First and Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Analysis in University Affiliated Hospital in Latvia. Medicina 2023, 59, 295. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59020295
Lescinska AM, Sondore E, Ptasnuka M, Mukans M, Plaudis H. The Course and Surgical Treatment of Acute Appendicitis during the First and Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Analysis in University Affiliated Hospital in Latvia. Medicina. 2023; 59(2):295. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59020295
Chicago/Turabian StyleLescinska, Anna Marija, Elza Sondore, Margarita Ptasnuka, Maksims Mukans, and Haralds Plaudis. 2023. "The Course and Surgical Treatment of Acute Appendicitis during the First and Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Analysis in University Affiliated Hospital in Latvia" Medicina 59, no. 2: 295. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59020295