Quality of Life of Young Gastric Cancer Survivors: An Interpretation in the Context of Our Society
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Groups and Design
2.2. QoL Assessment
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Characteristics of the Patients
3.2. Patient Characteristics: Baseline QoL
3.3. Postoperative QoL Outcomes
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Age Group (Years) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
30–49 (n = 76) | 50–69 (n = 232) | ||
Sex | 0.206 | ||
Female | 33 (43.4) | 82 (35.3) | |
Male | 43 (56.6) | 150 (64.7) | |
Age (year) | 43.0 ± 3.9 | 59.7 ± 5.7 | <0.001 * |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.5 ± 3.2 | 23.9 ± 2.8 | 0.418 |
Stage † | 0.616 | ||
IA | 68 (89.5) | 212 (90.9) | |
IB | 8 (10.5) | 20 (9.1) | |
Pathology | <0.001 * | ||
Differentiated | 18 (23.7) | 114 (49.1) | |
Undifferentiated | 58 (76.3) | 118 (50.9) | |
Route of surgery | 0.686 | ||
Open | 53 (69.7) | 156 (67.2) | |
Laparoscopic | 23 (30.3) | 76 (32.8) | |
Anastomosis | 0.380 | ||
Billroth I | 71 (93.4) | 209 (90.1) | |
Billroth II | 5 (6.6) | 23 (9.9) | |
Number of retrieved lymph nodes | 38.2 ± 15.0 | 33.1 ± 13.5 | 0.006 * |
Postoperative hospital stay, days | 7.4 ± 3.5 | 7.7 ± 3.7 | 0.545 |
Postoperative complications | 0.356 | ||
No | 74 (97.4) | 220 (94.8) | |
Yes ‡ | 2 (2.6) | 12 (5.2) | |
Grade I | 1 | 6 | |
Grade II | 0 | 4 | |
Grade III | 1 | 2 | |
Grade IV | 0 | 0 | |
Grade V | 0 | 0 |
Variable | 30–49 Years | 50–69 Years | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
R | Mean ± SD | R | Mean ± SD | ||
EORTC QLQ-C30 | |||||
Global health status/QoL † | 71 | 70.4 ± 21.7 | 219 | 64.7 ± 23.1 | 0.068 |
Functional scale † | |||||
Physical functioning | 76 | 90.8 ± 11.0 | 229 | 87.2 ± 13.3 | 0.020 * |
Role functioning | 76 | 91.9 ± 15.5 | 229 | 92.4 ± 13.8 | 0.773 |
Emotional functioning | 76 | 79.8 ± 18.7 | 229 | 81.6 ± 18.4 | 0.478 |
Cognitive functioning | 76 | 90.6 ± 15.2 | 229 | 88.4 ± 14.1 | 0.261 |
Social functioning | 76 | 86.6 ± 20.0 | 229 | 86.5 ± 19.4 | 0.951 |
Symptom scales/items ‡ | |||||
Fatigue | 76 | 22.6 ± 17.5 | 229 | 19.0 ± 17.6 | 0.120 |
Nausea and vomiting | 76 | 7.9 ± 15.3 | 229 | 6.3 ± 12.7 | 0.356 |
Pain | 76 | 8.6 ± 16.0 | 229 | 7.9 ± 13.4 | 0.740 |
Dyspnea | 76 | 6.6 ± 17.2 | 228 | 10.5 ± 19.4 | 0.096 |
Insomnia | 76 | 14.9 ± 22.0 | 227 | 13.1 ± 21.3 | 0.518 |
Appetite loss | 76 | 14.0 ± 21.3 | 229 | 10.0 ± 19.8 | 0.136 |
Constipation | 75 | 15.1 ± 22.8 | 227 | 13.1 ± 20.8 | 0.473 |
Diarrhea | 75 | 15.6 ± 20.7 | 228 | 11.5 ± 18.7 | 0.119 |
Financial difficulties | 75 | 16.9 ± 25.3 | 220 | 14.1 ± 22.9 | 0.375 |
EORTC QLQ-STO22 ‡ | |||||
Dysphagia | 76 | 5.6 ± 11.4 | 228 | 5.5 ± 9.9 | 0.943 |
Pain | 76 | 15.2 ± 15.4 | 228 | 13.5 ± 14.6 | 0.373 |
Reflux | 76 | 10.6 ± 13.5 | 228 | 10.9 ± 15.0 | 0.890 |
Eating restrictions | 76 | 6.7 ± 11.4 | 228 | 6.8 ± 10.1 | 0.916 |
Anxiety | 76 | 23.4 ± 19.1 | 228 | 23.3 ± 19.6 | 0.977 |
Dry mouth | 76 | 18.9 ± 27.4 | 228 | 20.0 ± 25.5 | 0.734 |
Taste | 76 | 7.5 ± 16.9 | 225 | 6.5 ± 16.0 | 0.663 |
Body image | 76 | 13.2 ± 20.4 | 224 | 15.6 ± 23.2 | 0.410 |
Hair loss | 27 | 19.8 ± 31.0 | 73 | 5.5 ± 9.9 | 0.398 |
Variable | Postoperative Period | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3-Months | 1-Year | |||||||||
30–49 Years | 50–69 Years | p-Value | 30–49 Years | 50–69 Years | p-Value | |||||
R | Mean ± SD | R | Mean ± SD | R | Mean ± SD | R | Mean ± SD | |||
EORTC QLQ-C30 | ||||||||||
Global health status/QoL † | 68 | 72.7 ± 22.3 | 191 | 67.4 ± 22.9 | 0.099 | 69 | 76.2 ± 19.8 | 193 | 72.7 ± 24.2 | 0.232 |
Functional scale † | ||||||||||
Physical functioning | 70 | 87.5 ± 10.2 | 219 | 82.5 ± 15.3 | 0.002 * | 75 | 90.0 ± 10.8 | 232 | 85.6 ± 12.6 | 0.004 * |
Role functioning | 70 | 87.6 ± 16.7 | 220 | 82.7 ± 20.7 | 0.073 | 75 | 89.8 ± 16.0 | 232 | 86.0 ± 17.7 | 0.101 |
Emotional functioning | 70 | 84.8 ± 16.4 | 220 | 85.6 ± 18.5 | 0.741 | 75 | 82.4 ± 19.7 | 232 | 86.0 ± 15.5 | 0.107 |
Cognitive functioning | 70 | 87.9 ± 14.4 | 220 | 87.4 ± 14.6 | 0.829 | 75 | 86.4 ± 17.3 | 231 | 85.7 ± 16.2 | 0.738 |
Social functioning | 70 | 87.1 ± 18.4 | 218 | 85.8 ± 19.4 | 0.605 | 75 | 87.8 ± 22.3 | 229 | 89.2 ± 16.4 | 0.567 |
Symptom scales/items ‡ | ||||||||||
Fatigue | 70 | 27.5 ± 18.5 | 219 | 27.2 ± 19.8 | 0.936 | 75 | 23.6 ± 19.6 | 232 | 23.7 ± 18.8 | 0.952 |
Nausea and vomiting | 70 | 6.4 ± 10.7 | 220 | 8.5 ± 15.3 | 0.297 | 75 | 8.7 ± 13.2 | 232 | 8.0 ± 13.3 | 0.726 |
Pain | 70 | 10.2 ± 12.1 | 219 | 11.6 ± 15.6 | 0.490 | 75 | 8.0 ± 13.5 | 232 | 11.4 ± 16.2 | 0.078 |
Dyspnea | 69 | 8.7 ± 15.8 | 218 | 10.2 ± 19.8 | 0.554 | 75 | 8.4 ± 19.8 | 231 | 11.1 ± 18.6 | 0.289 |
Insomnia | 70 | 13.3 ± 18.3 | 219 | 12.0 ± 23.1 | 0.665 | 75 | 11.6 ± 20.9 | 231 | 12.3 ± 21.5 | 0.803 |
Appetite loss | 70 | 12.9 ± 20.7 | 218 | 13.1 ± 21.2 | 0.920 | 75 | 7.6 ± 17.0 | 229 | 10.8 ± 17.4 | 0.159 |
Constipation | 70 | 17.1 ± 23.2 | 219 | 15.4 ± 23.5 | 0.583 | 75 | 16.4 ± 21.5 | 232 | 15.4 ± 20.5 | 0.698 |
Diarrhea | 68 | 25.5 ± 20.9 | 219 | 17.7 ± 20.8 | 0.007 * | 75 | 26.7 ± 21.9 | 231 | 18.5 ± 21.4 | 0.005 * |
Financial difficulties | 70 | 17.1 ± 27.1 | 219 | 14.0 ± 22.3 | 0.332 | 75 | 12.0 ± 21.7 | 230 | 13.0 ± 20.3 | 0.704 |
EORTC QLQ-STO22 ‡ | ||||||||||
Dysphagia | 70 | 10.6 ± 10.7 | 218 | 12.1 ± 12.6 | 0.387 | 76 | 8.2 ± 11.9 | 228 | 8.3 ± 10.7 | 0.960 |
Pain | 70 | 17.9 ± 14.1 | 218 | 17.3 ± 16.1 | 0.806 | 76 | 15.3 ± 13.4 | 229 | 14.8 ± 14.3 | 0.797 |
Reflux | 70 | 8.9 ± 12.2 | 218 | 10.0 ± 15.1 | 0.588 | 76 | 8.5 ± 12.8 | 229 | 11.4 ± 14.7 | 0.129 |
Eating restrictions | 70 | 15.6 ± 15.6 | 218 | 14.0 ± 15.6 | 0.465 | 76 | 14.1 ± 15.0 | 228 | 11.6 ± 12.8 | 0.161 |
Anxiety | 70 | 28.1 ± 20.4 | 218 | 27.7 ± 20.8 | 0.876 | 76 | 27.2 ± 21.2 | 229 | 26.7 ± 20.1 | 0.844 |
Dry mouth | 70 | 17.6 ± 23.9 | 217 | 16.3 ± 21.8 | 0.663 | 76 | 15.4 ± 20.7 | 227 | 19.7 ± 22.9 | 0.146 |
Taste | 70 | 7.6 ± 16.2 | 218 | 8.7 ± 16.9 | 0.635 | 75 | 4.4 ± 11.4 | 227 | 6.8 ± 14.1 | 0.155 |
Body image | 69 | 18.8 ± 22.5 | 218 | 26.5 ± 26.4 | 0.031 * | 76 | 18.4 ± 25.2 | 227 | 23.5 ± 27.6 | 0.158 |
Hair loss | 20 | 28.3 ± 32.9 | 74 | 17.1 ± 22.9 | 0.082 | 34 | 30.4 ± 30.0 | 99 | 22.6 ± 25.1 | 0.138 |
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Lee, S.S. Quality of Life of Young Gastric Cancer Survivors: An Interpretation in the Context of Our Society. Medicina 2024, 60, 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010009
Lee SS. Quality of Life of Young Gastric Cancer Survivors: An Interpretation in the Context of Our Society. Medicina. 2024; 60(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010009
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Seung Soo. 2024. "Quality of Life of Young Gastric Cancer Survivors: An Interpretation in the Context of Our Society" Medicina 60, no. 1: 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010009