Ovarian Cancer and the Microbiome: Connecting the Dots for Early Diagnosis and Therapeutic Innovations—A Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Microbiome and Ovarian Cancer
2.1. Gut Microbiome and Ovarian Cancer
2.1.1. Inflammation
2.1.2. Endometriosis
2.2. Cervicovaginal Microbiome and Ovarian Cancer
2.2.1. Chlamydia
2.2.2. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
2.2.3. MicroRNAs
2.2.4. BRCA Mutation
3. Microbiome and the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ovarian Cancer
3.1. Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis and Microbiome Markers
Location | Microbiome | Relative Abundance |
---|---|---|
Gut | Bacteroides [75] | + |
Prevotella [75] | + | |
Proteobacteria [75] | + | |
Ruminococcus [75] | − | |
Actinobacteria [75] | − | |
Peritoneum | 18 microbial features [78] | Unique distribution |
Ovarian Cancer Tissue | Brucella [38] | 76% of patients |
Chlamydia [38] | 60% of patients | |
Mycoplasma [38] | 74% of patients | |
Proteobacteria/firmicutes [80] | + | |
Acinetobacter [80] | + | |
Lactococcus [80] | − | |
Cervicovagina | Lactobacilli [68] | − |
Mobiluncus curtisii [82] | + → − | |
Eubacterium rectale [82] | + → − | |
Fusobacterium nucleatum [82] | + → − | |
Porphyromonas [82] | + → − | |
Serum | Acinetobacter [83] | + |
3.2. Ovarian Cancer Treatment and Microbiome Effects
Treatment Type | Microbiome | Contents |
---|---|---|
Surgical Therapy | Proteobacteria Enterobacteriaceaea | Increase in relative proportion after ovarian cancer surgery [84,101] |
Bacteroidetes Firmicutes Faecalibacterium Blautia Roseburia Prevotella | Decrease in relative proportion after ovarian cancer surgery [84] | |
Chemotherapy | Bacteroides Collinsella Blautia | Increase in relative proportion after platinum-based chemotherapy [84] |
Lactobacilli Enterococci | Relative proportion in small intestine decreased, and relative proportion in mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen increased after cyclophosphamide administration [91] | |
Bifidobacterium | Increase in relative proportion after one to three cycles of chemotherapy [84] | |
Mycoplasma | Mycoplasma’s enzymes rapidly break down gemcitabine, reducing its responsiveness to the drug [92] | |
Chemotherapy with surgery | Lactobacilli | Reduction in relative proportion after oophorectomy and chemotherapy [75] |
4. Discussion and Conclusions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Choi, S.-Y.; Choi, J.-H. Ovarian Cancer and the Microbiome: Connecting the Dots for Early Diagnosis and Therapeutic Innovations—A Review. Medicina 2024, 60, 516. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030516
Choi S-Y, Choi J-H. Ovarian Cancer and the Microbiome: Connecting the Dots for Early Diagnosis and Therapeutic Innovations—A Review. Medicina. 2024; 60(3):516. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030516
Chicago/Turabian StyleChoi, Seo-Yoon, and Jung-Hye Choi. 2024. "Ovarian Cancer and the Microbiome: Connecting the Dots for Early Diagnosis and Therapeutic Innovations—A Review" Medicina 60, no. 3: 516. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030516