Altechromone A Ameliorates Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 Pathways
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. The Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Altechromone A in CuSO4-, LPS-, and Tail-Cutting-Induced Inflammation
2.2. Altechromone A Ameliorated TNBS-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) by Affecting the Number of Intestinal Leukocytes in Zebrafish
2.3. Altechromone A Improves Intestinal Function
2.4. The Intestinal Structure Protective Effects of Altechromone A in the TNBS-Induced IBD Zebrafish Model
2.5. Altechromone A Reduced ROS in TNBS-Exposed Larvae
2.6. Transcriptome Analysis
2.7. Gene Expression
2.8. Altechromone A Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammation in RAW264.7 Cells
2.9. Protein Expression Level Analysis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Zebrafish Maintenance and Embryo Collection
4.2. Fungal Material
4.3. Preparation of Altechromone A
4.4. Effect of Altechromone A on Acute Inflammation Caused by CuSO4
4.5. Effect of Altechromone A on Inflammation Caused by Tail Amputation
4.6. Effect of Altechromone A on Inflammation Caused by LPS
4.7. Effect of Altechromone A on IBD Caused by TNBS
4.8. Effects of Altechromone A on Intestinal Efflux Efficiency in TNBS-Induced Zebrafish IBD Model
4.9. Histopathological Observations
4.10. Analysis of ROS
4.11. Transcriptomic Analysis
4.12. Real-Time Quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) of Inflammation-Related Genes
4.13. Cell Culture, ROS, and NO Detection in RAW264.7 Cells
4.14. Western Blot
4.15. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene | Forward (5′-3′) | Reverse (5′-3′) |
---|---|---|
β-actin | AGAGCTATGAGCTGCCTGACG | CCGCAAGATTCCATACCCA |
IL-1 | AGGTGCATCGTGCACATAAG | AAGCTGATGGCCCTAAACAG |
IL-1β | ATGGCAGAAGTACCTAAGCTC | TGGACACAAATTGCATGGTGAAAGT |
IL-4 | GCCATATCCACGGATGCGACAA | GGTGTTCTTCGTTGCTGTGAGGA |
IL-6 | TCTGCTACACTGGCTACA | ACATCCTGAACTTCGTCTC |
IL-8 | CAAGAACCATTGGGATGAAGGAC | CCTTCAGTAGCCTCTGTCCTTGT |
NF-κB | CAATGAAATCTCCTGGGTG | CAATGAAATCTCCTGGGTG |
TNF-α | ATGAGCACAGAAAGCATGATC | TACAGGCTTGTCACTCGAATT |
STAT3 | CAGCAGCTTGACACACGGTA | AAACACCAAAGTGGCATGTGA |
NOD2 | TGCCTCGGGAACAGTAAGAC | GCCGCCCTCTCCATTAAAC |
NLRP3 | AGCCTTCCAGGATCCTCTTC | CTTGGGCAGCAGTTTCTTTC |
TLR2 | GGCTTCTCTGTCTTGTGACC | GGGCTTGAACCAGGAAGACG |
TLR4 | AGACCTGTCCCTGAACCCTAT | CGATGGACTTCTAAACCAGCCA |
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Li, L.; Huang, J.; Feng, L.; Xu, L.; Lin, H.; Liu, K.; Li, X.; Wang, R. Altechromone A Ameliorates Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 Pathways. Mar. Drugs 2024, 22, 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/md22090410
Li L, Huang J, Feng L, Xu L, Lin H, Liu K, Li X, Wang R. Altechromone A Ameliorates Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 Pathways. Marine Drugs. 2024; 22(9):410. https://doi.org/10.3390/md22090410
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Lei, Jing Huang, Lixin Feng, Liyan Xu, Houwen Lin, Kechun Liu, Xiaobin Li, and Rongchun Wang. 2024. "Altechromone A Ameliorates Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 Pathways" Marine Drugs 22, no. 9: 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/md22090410