Poor Sleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness in Health Professionals: Prevalence and Associated Factors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.2. Approval of the Bioethics Commission
2.3. Criteria and Inclusion and Exclusion
2.4. Data Collection Procedures
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Limitations and Strengths
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Poor Sleep Quality | Abnormal Drowsiness | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Frequency n (%) | Prevalence n (%) | PR (95% CI) | p | Prevalence n (%) | PR (95% CI) | p |
Sex | 0.639 | 0.826 | |||||
Male | 53 (21.72) | 28 (52.8) | 1 | 26 (21.14) | 1 | ||
Female | 191 (78.28) | 108 (56.54) | 1.07 (0.81–1.42) | 97 (78.86) | 1.04 (0.76–1.41) | ||
Age (years) | 0.0677 | 0.0081 | |||||
20–29 | 61 (25.00) | 29 (21.32) | 0.67 (0.47–0.95) | 39 (31.71) | 2.56 (1.31–4.99) | ||
30–49 | 155 (63.52) | 87 (63.97) | 0.79 (0.60–1.03) | 77 (62.60) | 1.99 (1.02–3.85) | ||
50 or more | 28 (11.48) | 20 (14.71) | 1 | 7 (5.69) | 1 | ||
Skin color | 0.1289 | 0.6151 | |||||
White | 69 (28.28) | 31 (22.79) | 0.72 (0.50–1.01) | 32 (26.02) | 0.83 (0.57–1.20) | ||
Mixed-race | 132 (54.10) | 78 (57.35) | 0.94 (0.72–1.23) | 67 (54.47) | 0.91 (0.66–1.25) | ||
Black | 43 (17.62) | 27 (19.85) | 1 | 24 (19.51) | 1 | ||
Lives with a partner | 0.2882 | 0.6458 | |||||
No | 115 (47.33) | 68 (50.37) | 1 | 60 (48.78) | 1 | ||
Yes | 128 (52.67) | 67 (49.63) | 0.88 (0.71–1.11) | 63 (51.22) | 0.94 (0.74–1.21) | ||
Profession | 0.8952 | 0.7590 | |||||
Technical level | 157 (64.34) | 88 (64.71) | 1.02 (0.80–1.29) | 78 (63.41) | 0.96 (0.74–1.24) | ||
Higher level | 87 (35.66) | 48 (35.29) | 1 | 45 (36.59) | 1 | ||
Family income 1 | 0.5748 | 0.2036 | |||||
1–3 salaries | 52 (21.31) | 33 (24.26) | 1.17 (0.83–1.63) | 23 (18.70) | 0.70 (0.48–1.02) | ||
3–6 salaries | 96 (39.34) | 50 (36.76) | 0.96 (0.69–1.33) | 47 (38.21) | 0.77 (0.57–1.05) | ||
6–9 salaries | 50 (20.49) | 28 (20.59) | 1.03 (0.71–1.48) | 24 (19.51) | 0.76 (0.53–1.09) | ||
More than 10 | 46 (18.85) | 25 (18.38) | 1 | 29 (23.58) | 1 | ||
Smoker | 0.2069 | 0.3416 | |||||
No | 228 (93.44) | 125 (91.91) | 1 | 117 (95.12) | 1 | ||
Yes | 16 (6.56) | 11 (8.09) | 1.25 (0.88–1.78) | 6 (4.88) | 0.73 (0.38–1.39) | ||
Alcohol consumption | 0.9094 | 0.0236 | |||||
No | 123 (50.41) | 67 (49.26) | 1 | 52 (42.28) | 1 | ||
Yes | 123 (50.41) | 69 (50.74) | 1.01 (0.81–1.27) | 71 (57.72) | 1.34 (1.04–1.73) | ||
Physical activity | 0.0133 | 0.1337 | |||||
No | 149 (61.07) | 93 (68.38) | 1.38 (1.06–1.78) | 81 (65.85) | 1.23 (0.94–1.61) | ||
Yes | 95 (38.93) | 43 (31.62) | 1 | 42 (34.15) | 1 | ||
Workload (hours/week) | 0.1741 | 0.3278 | |||||
≤30 | 27 (11.07) | 18 (13.24) | 1 | 11 (8.94) | 1 | ||
>30 | 217 (88.93) | 118 (86.76) | 0.82 (0.61–1.09) | 112 (91.06) | 1.27 (0.79–2.03) | ||
Body mass index (kg/ m2) | 0.1729 * | 0.1131 * | |||||
Low weight | 5 (2.05) | 4 (2.94) | 1 | 4 (3.25) | 1 | ||
Adequate weight | 111 (45.49) | 55 (40.44) | 0.62 (0.38–1.00) | 53 (43.09) | 0.59 (0.37–0.96) | ||
Overweight | 82 (33.61) | 49 (36.03) | 0.75 (0.47–1.20) | 39 (31.71) | 0.59 (0.36–0.97) | ||
Obese | 46 (18.85) | 28 (20.59) | 0.76 (0.46–1.25) | 27 (21.95) | 0.73 (0.44–1.2) |
Poor Sleep Quality | Abnormal Drowsiness | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | PR (95% CI) | p | PR (95% CI) | p |
First Level | ||||
Age (years) | 0.155 | 0.021 | ||
20–29 | 0.73 (0.51–1.04) | 2.59 (1.37–4.91) | ||
30–49 | 0.82 (0.63–1.08) | 2.09 (1.12–3.91) | ||
50 or more | 1 | 1 | ||
Skin color | 0.838 | - | ||
White | 0.77 (0.54–1.10) | - | ||
Mixed race | 0.97 (0.73–1.29) | - | ||
Black | 1 | - | ||
Second Level | ||||
Alcohol consumption | - | 0.048 | ||
No | - | 1 | ||
Yes | - | 1.29 (1.00–1.66) | ||
Physical activity | 0.035 | 0.137 | ||
No | 1.32 (1.02–1.70) | 1.21 (0.94–1.56) | ||
Yes | 1 | 1 | ||
Third Level | ||||
Amount of work (hours/week) | 0.27 | - | ||
≤30 | 1 | - | ||
>30 | 0.85 (0.63–1.14) | - | ||
Fourth Level | ||||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 0.240 | 0.005 | ||
Low weight | 1 | 1 | ||
Adequate weight | 0.65 (0.39–1.07) | 0.52 (0.33–0.82) | ||
Overweight | 0.77 (0.47–1.26) | 0.55 (0.34–0.89) | ||
Obese | 0.74 (0.45–1.22) | 0.68 (0.41–1.12) |
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Carvalho, V.P.; Barcelos, K.A.; Oliveira, E.P.d.; Marins, S.N.; Rocha, I.B.S.; Sousa, D.F.M.d.; Moreira, B.C.; Almeida, G.A.d.; Carneiro, M.L.S.; Silva, J.D.d.F.; et al. Poor Sleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness in Health Professionals: Prevalence and Associated Factors. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 6864. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136864
Carvalho VP, Barcelos KA, Oliveira EPd, Marins SN, Rocha IBS, Sousa DFMd, Moreira BC, Almeida GAd, Carneiro MLS, Silva JDdF, et al. Poor Sleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness in Health Professionals: Prevalence and Associated Factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(13):6864. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136864
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarvalho, Vergílio Pereira, Kênia Alves Barcelos, Ely Paula de Oliveira, Sarah Nogueira Marins, Isabella Beatriz Silva Rocha, Daniel Ferreira Moraes de Sousa, Bruno Cabral Moreira, Gunther Abreu de Almeida, Marina Luana Silva Carneiro, Jéssica Duarte de Freitas Silva, and et al. 2021. "Poor Sleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness in Health Professionals: Prevalence and Associated Factors" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13: 6864. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136864