Gender Specificity of Spousal Concordance in the Development of Chronic Disease among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Couples: A Prospective Dyadic Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Samples
2.2. Measurement
2.2.1. Chronic Disease Status
2.2.2. Chronic Disease Development
2.2.3. Covariates
2.2.4. Lifestyle
3. Statistical Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Baseline Characteristics of Participants
4.2. Chronic Disease Development
4.3. Gender Specificity of Spousal Concordance in Chronic Disease Development
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Husbands | Wives | p (for Difference) | Kappa | p (for Kappa) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 3420 | n = 3420 | ||||
% | % | ||||
Sociodemographic characteristics at baseline | |||||
Age, year [Mean (SD)] | 57.54 (8.54) | 55.61 (8.01) | <0.001 | 0.12 | <0.001 |
Education level, Upper secondary | 17.31 | 8.89 | <0.001 | 0.28 | <0.001 |
Retired, yes | 16.20 | 24.50 | <0.001 | 0.39 | <0.001 |
Household income, thousand [Mean (SD)] | 33.57 (66.99) | - | - | - | |
Lifestyles at baseline | |||||
Smoking, yes | 60.29 | 5.67 | <0.001 | 0.01 | 0.047 |
Drinking, yes | 59.94 | 11.81 | <0.001 | 0.06 | <0.001 |
Social participation, yes | 48.07 | 46.14 | 0.05 | 0.36 | <0.001 |
Exercise, yes | 77.08 | 73.98 | <0.001 | 0.19 | <0.001 |
Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), yes | 5.88 | 5.56 | <0.001 | 0.05 | <0.001 |
(Pre-)obesity (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2), yes | 32.84 | 44.24 | <0.001 | 0.05 | <0.001 |
Chronic disease status 2 | |||||
Wave 1 (baseline, 2010–2011), yes | 22.92 | 26.29 | 0.001 | - | - |
Wave 3 (2014–2015), yes | 38.10 | 42.49 | <0.001 | - | - |
Chronic disease development (Wave 1 to 3) 3 | |||||
Changed chronic disease condition, yes | 22.95 | 24.71 | 0.002 1 | - | - |
Chronic Disease | N (Person) | % |
---|---|---|
For husbands (n = 605) | ||
Hypertension | 276 | 45.62 |
Dyslipidaemia | 172 | 28.43 |
Lung disease | 136 | 22.48 |
Cardiac disease | 101 | 16.69 |
Diabetes | 63 | 10.41 |
Stroke | 28 | 4.63 |
Cancer | 9 | 1.49 |
For wives (n = 623) | ||
Hypertension | 271 | 43.50 |
Dyslipidaemia | 185 | 29.70 |
Lung disease | 148 | 23.76 |
Cardiac disease | 94 | 15.09 |
Diabetes | 80 | 12.84 |
Stroke | 17 | 2.73 |
Cancer | 17 | 2.73 |
Spousal Baseline Chronic Disease Status | Chronic Disease Development over 4 Years (Yes) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | Model 0 1 | Model 1 2 | Model 2 3 | Model 3 4 | Model 4 5 | |
OR (95% CI) | ORa (95% CI) | ORa (95% CI) | ORa (95% CI) | ORa (95% CI) | ||
For husbands (n = 2636) | ||||||
No | 21.47 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 25.81 | 1.27 (1.05,1.54) ** | 1.24 (1.02,1.50) * | 1.23 (1.02,1.49) * | 1.25 (1.03,1.51) * | 1.24 (1.02,1.51) * |
For wives (n = 2521) | ||||||
No | 24.87 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 24.36 | 0.97 (0.80,1.18) | 0.92 (0.75,1.12) | 0.92 (0.75,1.12) | 0.90 (0.73,1.10) | 0.88 (0.71,1.08) |
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Liao, J.; Zhang, J.; Xie, J.; Gu, J. Gender Specificity of Spousal Concordance in the Development of Chronic Disease among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Couples: A Prospective Dyadic Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 2886. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062886
Liao J, Zhang J, Xie J, Gu J. Gender Specificity of Spousal Concordance in the Development of Chronic Disease among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Couples: A Prospective Dyadic Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(6):2886. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062886
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiao, Jing, Jing Zhang, Jinzhao Xie, and Jing Gu. 2021. "Gender Specificity of Spousal Concordance in the Development of Chronic Disease among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Couples: A Prospective Dyadic Analysis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6: 2886. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062886