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Article

Theory of Mind in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Possible Endophenotypic Factor?

by
Esther Ortega-Díaz
1,
Jonatan García-Campos
2,*,
Alejandro Moya-Martínez
3,4,
Clara Ramírez-Cremades
1,
José M. Rico-Gomis
1,5,
Carlos Cuesta-Moreno
1,
Antonio Palazón-Bru
5,
Gabriel Estan-Cerezo
6,
José A. Piqueras
7,8,* and
Jesús Rodríguez-Marín
7
1
Department of Psychiatry, General University Hospital of Elche, 03203 Elche, Spain
2
Department of Behavioral and Health Sciences, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, San Juan de Alicante, 03202 Elche, Spain
3
Biostatistics Unit, General University Hospital of Elche, Elche-FISABIO, 03203 Elche, Spain
4
Center for Operational Research, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain
5
Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, San Juan de Alicante, 03202 Elche, Spain
6
Department of Investigation, General University Hospital of Elche, Elche-FISABIO, 03203 Elche, Spain
7
Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Campus of San Juan de Alicante, Miguel Hernandez University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain
8
Center for Applied Psychology, Campus of Elche, Miguel Hernandez University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(6), 3193; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063193
Submission received: 9 January 2021 / Revised: 10 March 2021 / Accepted: 16 March 2021 / Published: 19 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Mental Health)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine whether theory of mind (ToM) is an endophenotypic marker of borderline personality disorder (BPD), thus constituting an etiopathogenic factor of the disease. This would suggest familial vulnerability to BPD. This was a case-control study involving 146 individuals with 57 BPD patients, 32 first-degree relatives, and 57 controls (median age of BPD and control = 33.4 years; relatives = 52.9 years; BPD females and controls = 91.2%; female relatives = 62.5%). All the participants completed the Spanish version of the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition test to evaluate the ToM subclassification: interpretation of emotions, thoughts and intentions. BPD patients and their healthy first-degree relatives exhibited significant deficits in the correct interpretation of emotions and intentions compared to healthy controls. Both patients with BPD and their healthy first-degree relatives exhibited significant deficits in ToM, which suggests that it may be an etiopathogenic factor of BPD, and ToM (interpretation of emotions, thoughts and intentions) is a possible endophenotypic marker of BPD, suggesting a genetic predisposition to the disorder. Therefore, ToM could be considered as an indicator for the early detection of the disorder of and intervention for BPD.
Keywords: borderline personality disorder; theory of mind; mentalization; family; endophenotypic marker borderline personality disorder; theory of mind; mentalization; family; endophenotypic marker

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Ortega-Díaz, E.; García-Campos, J.; Moya-Martínez, A.; Ramírez-Cremades, C.; Rico-Gomis, J.M.; Cuesta-Moreno, C.; Palazón-Bru, A.; Estan-Cerezo, G.; Piqueras, J.A.; Rodríguez-Marín, J. Theory of Mind in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Possible Endophenotypic Factor? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 3193. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063193

AMA Style

Ortega-Díaz E, García-Campos J, Moya-Martínez A, Ramírez-Cremades C, Rico-Gomis JM, Cuesta-Moreno C, Palazón-Bru A, Estan-Cerezo G, Piqueras JA, Rodríguez-Marín J. Theory of Mind in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Possible Endophenotypic Factor? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(6):3193. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063193

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ortega-Díaz, Esther, Jonatan García-Campos, Alejandro Moya-Martínez, Clara Ramírez-Cremades, José M. Rico-Gomis, Carlos Cuesta-Moreno, Antonio Palazón-Bru, Gabriel Estan-Cerezo, José A. Piqueras, and Jesús Rodríguez-Marín. 2021. "Theory of Mind in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Possible Endophenotypic Factor?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6: 3193. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063193

APA Style

Ortega-Díaz, E., García-Campos, J., Moya-Martínez, A., Ramírez-Cremades, C., Rico-Gomis, J. M., Cuesta-Moreno, C., Palazón-Bru, A., Estan-Cerezo, G., Piqueras, J. A., & Rodríguez-Marín, J. (2021). Theory of Mind in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Possible Endophenotypic Factor? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 3193. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063193

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