Factors Associated with Gastrointestinal Symptoms among Rotating Shift Nurses in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.2. Measurements
2.2.1. Demographic and Job-Related Characteristics
2.2.2. Gastrointestinal Symptoms
2.2.3. Dietary Habits
2.2.4. Psychological Distress
2.2.5. Sleep Quality
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic and Job-Related Characteristics
3.2. Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Nurses
3.3. Dietary Habits According to the Severity of GI Symptoms
3.4. Comparison of Psychological Distress and Sleep Quality
3.5. Factors Associated with GI Symptoms Score in Nurses
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Categories | n (%) | M ± SD (Min–Max) |
---|---|---|---|
Age | ≤25 | 32 (25.6) | 28.0 ± 3.1 (23–38) |
(Year) | 26–30 | 70 (56.0) | |
31–35 | 20 (16.0) | ||
≥36 | 3 (2.4) | ||
Marital status | Single | 98 (78.4) | |
Married | 27 (21.6) | ||
Living with | Alone | 47 (37.6) | |
With spouse or children | 27 (21.6) | ||
With parents | 51 (40.8) | ||
Regular exercise | Yes | 55 (44.0) | |
No | 70 (56.0) | ||
BMI | ≤22.9 | 96 (76.8) | 21.2 ± 2.8 |
(Kg/m2) | 23–24.9 | 17 (13.6) | |
≥25 | 12 (9.6) | ||
Department | General ward | 79 (63.2) | |
Intensive care unit | 29 (23.2) | ||
Emergency room | 17 (13.6) | ||
Nursing career | ≤60 | 56 (44.8) | 64.5 ± 35.1 (15–195) |
(month) | 61–120 | 62 (49.6) | |
121–180 | 5 (4.0) | ||
≥181 | 2 (1.6) | ||
Workdays/month | Day | 6.3 ± 2.0 (2–15) | |
Evening | 6.6 ± 2.0 (1–11) | ||
Night | 5.7 ± 1.2 (2–8) |
Variables | Overall (n = 125) | With Severe GI Symptoms (n = 59) | Without Severe GI Symptoms (n = 66) | t or χ2 (p) |
---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) or M ± SD | ||||
Alcohol consumption | ||||
<three times/wk | 116 (92.8) | 53 (89.8) | 63 (95.5) | 1.48 (0.225) |
≥three times/wk | 9 (7.2) | 6 (10.2) | 3 (4.5) | |
Caffeine consumption | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 0.8 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | −2.20 (0.030) |
<one cup/day | 91 (72.8) | 38 (64.4) | 53 (80.3) | 3.98 (0.046) |
≥one cup/day | 34 (27.2) | 21 (35.6) | 13 (19.7) | |
Healthy dietary habit | 17.6 ± 4.5 | 16.6 ± 4.5 | 18.5 ± 4.3 | 2.41 (0.017) |
Grains | 4.6 ± 0.9 | 4.5 ± 1.0 | 4.7 ± 0.7 | 1.86 (0.066) |
Proteins | 3.7 ± 1.4 | 3.7 ± 1.5 | 3.9 ± 1.3 | 2.35 (0.020) |
Fruits | 2.9 ± 1.4 | 2.7 ± 1.5 | 3.1 ± 1.3 | 1.69 (0.094) |
Vegetables | 3.3 ± 1.4 | 3.0 ± 1.3 | 3.6 ± 1.4 | 2.11 (0.036) |
Dairy food | 3.1 ± 1.3 | 3.1 ± 1.3 | 3.2 ± 1.4 | 0.35 (0.729) |
Unhealthy dietary habit | 12.4 ± 2.7 | 12.6 ± 2.9 | 12.2 ± 2.4 | −0.80 (0.424) |
Fatty food | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | −0.35 (0.725) |
Instant food | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 1.0 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | −0.49 (0.625) |
Fast food | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 2.7 ± 0.7 | −0.26 (0.796) |
Night meal | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 3.2 ± 1.0 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | −1.31 (0.193) |
Variables (Score) | Overall n (%) or M ± SD | Total Score of GI Symptoms | t or F (p) | With Severe GI Symptoms (n = 59) | Without Severe GI Symptoms (n = 66) | t or χ2 (p) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M ± SD (MR) | n (%) or M ± SD | |||||
Depression | 11.8 ± 9.2 | 16.2 ± 9.2 | 7.8 ± 7.2 | −5.69 (<0.001) | ||
Normal a (≤9) | 61 (48.8) | 9.9 ± 7.8 | 25.25 (<0.001) | 15 (25.4) | 46 (69.7) | 25.78 (<0.001) |
Mild b (10–13) | 16 (12.8) | 15.4 ± 8.7 | a, b < c * | 9 (15.3) | 7 (10.6) | |
Moderate c (≥14) | 48 (38.4) | 25.1 ± 14.8 | 35 (59.3) | 13 (19.7) | ||
Anxiety | 8.1 ± 8.6 | 11.6 ± 10.1 | 4.9 ± 5.4 | −4.75 (<0.001) | ||
Normal (≤7) | 73 (58.4) | 10.8 ± 8.9 (47.0) | 37.89 (<0.001) † | 22 (37.3) | 51 (77.3) | 23.30 (<0.001) |
Mild (8–9) | 12 (9.6) | 16.8 ± 10.8 (67.7) | 6 (10.2) | 6 (9.1) | ||
Moderate (≥10) | 40 (32.0) | 26.6 ± 14.2 (90.7) | 31 (52.5) | 9 (13.6) | ||
Stress | 7.1 ± 7.7 | 10.3 ± 9.0 | 4.2 ± 4.9 | −4.77 (<0.001) | ||
Normal (≤14) | 104 (83.2) | 13.8 ± 11.0 (56.0) | 23.39 (<0.001) † | 42 (71.2) | 62 (93.9) | 13.30 (0.001) |
Mild (15–18) | 8 (6.4) | 25.1 ± 12.0 (92.1) | 5 (8.5) | 3 (4.5) | ||
Moderate (≥19) | 13 (10.4) | 32.5 ± 15.9 (101.0) | 12 (20.3) | 1 (1.5) | ||
Sleep quality | 8.5 ± 3.6 | 9.4 ± 3.9 | 7.7 ± 3.1 | −2.25 (0.026) | ||
Poor sleep (≥5) | 106 (84.8) | 17.8 ± 13.4 | 4.00 (<0.001) | 53 (89.8) | 53 (80.3) | 1.52 (0.218) |
Good sleep (<5) | 19 (15.2) | 8.9 ± 7.8 | 6 (10.2) | 13 (19.7) |
Variables | B | SE | β | t | p | 95% CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LL | UL | ||||||
(Constant) | −0.03 | 2.32 | −0.01 | 0.989 | |||
Depression (ref: normal) | 4.30 | 2.42 | 0.17 | 1.78 | 0.078 | −0.49 | 9.09 |
Anxiety (ref: normal) | 5.45 | 2.51 | 0.21 | 2.17 | 0.032 | 0.48 | 10.42 |
Stress (ref: normal) | 5.85 | 2.80 | 0.17 | 2.09 | 0.039 | 0.30 | 11.40 |
Sleep quality | 1.30 | 0.27 | 0.36 | 4.85 | <0.001 | 0.77 | 1.83 |
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Hwang, S.-K.; Lee, Y.-J.; Cho, M.-E.; Kim, B.-K.; Yoon, Y.-I. Factors Associated with Gastrointestinal Symptoms among Rotating Shift Nurses in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 9795. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169795
Hwang S-K, Lee Y-J, Cho M-E, Kim B-K, Yoon Y-I. Factors Associated with Gastrointestinal Symptoms among Rotating Shift Nurses in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(16):9795. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169795
Chicago/Turabian StyleHwang, Sun-Kyung, Yun-Ji Lee, Min-Eun Cho, Bo-Kyoung Kim, and Yea-In Yoon. 2022. "Factors Associated with Gastrointestinal Symptoms among Rotating Shift Nurses in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 16: 9795. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169795