Simulation Test of a DC Fault Current Limiter for Fault Ride-Through Problem of Low-Voltage DC Distribution
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Fault of LVDC Distribution Network
2.1. LVDC Distribution Network Structure and Fault Location
2.2. Fault Characteristics of LVDC Distribution Network with Photovoltaic Power System
- 1.
- The equivalent circuit of DC capacitance discharging stage is shown in Figure 3.
- ,
- ,
- ,
- .
- .
- 2.
- Free-conducting stage of diode: During the discharge process of C1, the electrical energy will change to electromagnetic energy and be stored in the DC side inductance. Its drive current of the reverse electromotive force flows through the VSC bridge commutating diodes of each phase. When the capacitor voltage C1 reaches zero, the equivalent circuit of the stage is demonstrated in Figure 4.
- 3.
- Steady state: When the inductance discharge on the DC side ends, the current on the grid side will flow through the diode into the DC side. The equivalent circuit of this state is shown in Figure 5.
2.3. Fault Analysis of LVDC Distribution Network with Photovoltaic Power System
- 1.
- Peak current and its arrival time
- 2.
- Continuity condition for three fault response
- 3.
- Countermeasures
3. Design of FCL
3.1. Structure of FCL
3.2. Parameter Design of FCL
- 1.
- Design of Lsh
- 2.
- Design of Rrse
4. Fault Protection and Ride-Through Strategy Based on FCL
5. Simulation
5.1. Simulation Model
5.2. Bipolar Short Circuit Fault of Large Current Type
5.3. Bipolar Short Circuit Fault of Small Current Type
- 1.
- Simulation curve on VSC side
- 2.
- Simulation Curve on Boost Converter Side
6. Conclusions
- 1.
- The feasibility of the FCL connecting to the network was discussed in detail and the structure of the d FCL was given in detail; the principle of parameter design was discussed and presented.
- 2.
- To verify our proposed FCL, under the most serious conditions, a model was built and simulated. From the simulated results, we can see that FCL can reduce the fault current impact and limit fault current amplitude, which earns some time for fault detection, control, protection and ride-through action. After fault disappears, it will switch back to the current-limiting state and restore the normal operation. If the fault still exists, through cooperation with DCCB, the differential protection should be used as the backup protection of FCL. The identification of short-circuit fault of small current can be realized by monitoring the DC power at the load end.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Function | K1 | K2 | K3 | K4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Start | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Normal | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Fault momentary | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Initial failure | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Failure period | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Fault disappear | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Rated DC voltage (V) | 500 |
Rated DC current (A) | 60 |
DC side busbar capacitance (F) | 0.002 |
Load resistance (Ω) | 8.3 |
DC line resistor (Ω⁄km) | 1 |
DC line inductor (H⁄km) | 0.01 |
Large current fault resistance (Ω) | 0.01 |
Small current fault resistance (Ω) | 83 |
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Han, B.; Li, Y. Simulation Test of a DC Fault Current Limiter for Fault Ride-Through Problem of Low-Voltage DC Distribution. Energies 2020, 13, 1753. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071753
Han B, Li Y. Simulation Test of a DC Fault Current Limiter for Fault Ride-Through Problem of Low-Voltage DC Distribution. Energies. 2020; 13(7):1753. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071753
Chicago/Turabian StyleHan, Bing, and Yonggang Li. 2020. "Simulation Test of a DC Fault Current Limiter for Fault Ride-Through Problem of Low-Voltage DC Distribution" Energies 13, no. 7: 1753. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071753