Numerical Simulation of Geothermal Reservoir Reconstruction and Heat Extraction System Productivity Evaluation

The key to ensuring the economic feasibility of EGS mainly includes two points. On the one hand, it is necessary to ensure the connectivity of the artificial fracture network; on the other hand, it is necessary to determine the most efficient geothermal energy exploitation mode. Most previous studies have only focused on one of the points. To restitute the entire geothermal energy development process, the two parts should be combined to conduct research. In this study, a random fractured medium model was established based on the TOUGH2-BIOT simulation program and the whole process of reservoir stimulation was analyzed. According to the results of reservoir stimulation, different geothermal energy exploitation schemes are set up, and the heat transfer efficiency of the conventional double vertical wells, the horizontal wells, and the double-pipe heat exchange system are comparatively analyzed. The results show that reservoir reconstruction is mainly divided into three stages: In the first stage, the hydraulic aperture of the conducting fractures reaches the maximum value; in the second stage, the non-conductive fractures overcome the in situ stress and become conducting fractures; in the third stage, the rock in the reservoir undergoes shear failure, the fractures expand and connect, and finally, a fracture network is formed. After each stage, the volume of the enhanced permeability area is approximately 10,000, 21,000, and 33,000 m³, respectively. After 30 years of exploitation, the outlet temperature and thermal power output of conventional double vertical wells are the highest, while the horizontal wells have the highest heat extraction ratio. The temperature of a production well in the conventional double vertical wells model, horizontal wells, and double-pipe heat exchange system is 101 °C, 93.4 °C, and 91.6 °C, a decrease of 41.2%, 45.7%, and 46.7%, respectively. The thermal power output is 6.67 MW, 6.31 MW, and 6.1 MW, a decrease of 39.4%, 42.6%, and 44.5%, respectively. The heat extraction ratio of the horizontal wells is 2% higher than the double-pipe heat exchange system and 6.5% higher than the conventional double vertical wells.