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Energies
Volume 17
Issue 3
10.3390/en17030671
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Article

Assessment of the Risk of the Loss of Supply, the Recycling Rate and the Degree of Substitutability of Elements in the NdFeB Magnets of a Small Wind Farm Generator

by
Rafał Baron
1,*,
Daniel Kowol
1,
Piotr Matusiak
1,
Marcin Lutyński
2 and
Katarzyna Nowińska
2
1
KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
2
Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2024, 17(3), 671; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17030671
Submission received: 30 November 2023 / Revised: 26 January 2024 / Accepted: 29 January 2024 / Published: 31 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Security and Just Transition)
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Abstract

Existing shortages on the market of critical and strategic raw materials and problems with the supply chain of selected raw materials, mainly those from China, indicate the need to develop recycling technologies for devices containing the above-mentioned materials. The aim of this work should be to ensure a sustainable supply of raw materials for industry in the EU. One potential source of raw materials may be small-power wind turbine generators equipped with permanent magnets (NdFeB). This research allowed for the development of a methodology for disassembling a generator containing NdFeB magnets in order to determine the shares of individual elements. Due to the significant shares of critical and strategic elements in permanent magnets, a detailed economic analysis was carried out. Based on the research results, economic benefits resulting from the recovery of valuable elements were indicated. The significant market value of critical and strategic raw materials contained in neodymium magnets was demonstrated. The risk of the loss of supplies, the recycling rate and the possibility of replacing the elements in permanent magnets were assessed.
Keywords: permanent magnets; NdFeB neodymium magnets; wind turbine generator; economic analysis permanent magnets; NdFeB neodymium magnets; wind turbine generator; economic analysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Baron, R.; Kowol, D.; Matusiak, P.; Lutyński, M.; Nowińska, K. Assessment of the Risk of the Loss of Supply, the Recycling Rate and the Degree of Substitutability of Elements in the NdFeB Magnets of a Small Wind Farm Generator. Energies 2024, 17, 671. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17030671

AMA Style

Baron R, Kowol D, Matusiak P, Lutyński M, Nowińska K. Assessment of the Risk of the Loss of Supply, the Recycling Rate and the Degree of Substitutability of Elements in the NdFeB Magnets of a Small Wind Farm Generator. Energies. 2024; 17(3):671. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17030671

Chicago/Turabian Style

Baron, Rafał, Daniel Kowol, Piotr Matusiak, Marcin Lutyński, and Katarzyna Nowińska. 2024. "Assessment of the Risk of the Loss of Supply, the Recycling Rate and the Degree of Substitutability of Elements in the NdFeB Magnets of a Small Wind Farm Generator" Energies 17, no. 3: 671. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17030671

APA Style

Baron, R., Kowol, D., Matusiak, P., Lutyński, M., & Nowińska, K. (2024). Assessment of the Risk of the Loss of Supply, the Recycling Rate and the Degree of Substitutability of Elements in the NdFeB Magnets of a Small Wind Farm Generator. Energies, 17(3), 671. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17030671

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