Energies, Volume 18, Issue 21

This paper presents a cascaded control strategy for neutral-point-clamped three-level (NPC-3L) inverter-fed permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), integrating continuous-control-set model-predictive control (CCS-MPC) with mid-point voltage regu...

This paper focuses on assessing different sustainable energy generation and storage systems for residential buildings in Spain, identifying the best-performing system according to the end-user requirements. As outlined by the consulted literature, th...

In order to realize the wide frequency applicability of the electromagnetic current transformer in a ‘double high’ power system, the equivalent circuit model of the electromagnetic current transformer under wide frequency is established....

To handle the uncertainties brought by the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources and random loads, we design a stochastic multi-timescale distribution network reconfiguration (SMTDNR) framework to coordinate diverse scheduling resources...

Energy-intensive sectors in emerging nations have the simultaneous difficulties of trying to diminish greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining a stable and cost-effective energy supply. Rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) systems offer a viable solutio...

Effective integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems into electric power grids presents significant challenges due to the inherent variability in solar energy. Therefore, accurate PV power forecasting in various timescales is critical for the reliable...

The development of Digital Twin (DT) technology in Battery Management Systems (BMSs) presents a transformative approach for maintenance, monitoring, and predictive diagnostics, especially in the demanding field of space applications. DTs, through the...

This study investigates the valorization of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) residues—specifically bottom ash with slag (BA + S) and fly ash (FA)—through alkaline activation in geopolymer and cementitious systems. The research demonstrates t...

Accurate modeling of Brushless DC (BLDC) motors is crucial for the multi-domain simulation of complex electromechanical systems like electric torque tools, especially when high fidelity is required for Model-Based Design (MBD) and controller validati...

In this manuscript, an analysis of the prospect of using a direct-contact air, gravel, ground heat exchanger (GAHE)—patented and tested at the Wroclaw University of Science and Technology—as a simple and inexpensive way of improving micro...

This study successfully monitored the formation of secondary minerals resulting from CO₂–H₂O–rock reactions under high-temperature, high-pressure conditions (approximately 250 °C and 6 MPa, respectively) in real time using a sensor ba...

Electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) are critical interfaces between urban mobility and distribution grids and are increasingly exposed to false data that can mislead operations and degrade voltage quality. This study proposes a defense-plannin...

Hybrid geothermal–solar systems leverage complementary resources to enhance efficiency, dispatchability, and low-carbon supply. This review compares mainstream configurations (solar-preheating configurations, solar-superheating configuration, a...

The implementation of Euro 7 emission standards demands advanced real-time NO_x monitoring systems for diesel vehicles. Existing unified models inadequately capture phase-dependent emission mechanisms during cold-start, urban, and highway operation. T...

This work explores NH₃/air non-premixed combustion in a mixing layer, with the objective of quantifying the influence of key parameters on ignition and flame dynamics. A series of two-dimensional simulations were conducted with forced ignition. The e...

Accurate State of Health (SOH) estimation is critical for the reliable and safe operation of lithium-ion batteries; this paper proposes an ORIME–Transformer–BILSTM model integrating multiple health factors and achieves high-precision SOH...

Road damage threatens driving safety, making timely maintenance essential. However, conventional repairs require on-site personnel, necessitating traffic control and lane closures. These restrictions cause traffic congestion, leading to unnecessary i...

The gyroscopic effect has significant impacts on the stability, dynamic behavior, and vibration characteristics of high-speed rotating systems. A floating offshore vertical axis wind turbine (FOVWT) exhibits gyroscope-like motions under combined wind...

A new approach for optimizing the blade profile of a horizontal axis wind turbine is proposed in this paper, based on the combination of the Blade Element Momentum (BEM) method and Proper Generalized Decomposition (PGD). The resulting algorithm was i...

The authors of this paper highlight the creation of an experimental system for the implementation and testing of active low-voltage electronic power filters of the parallel type, with applicability in a wide range of electrical parameters. In this pa...

Renewable wind energy systems widely employ doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs), where efficient converter control ensures grid-integrated power system stability and reliability. Conventional proportional–integral (PI) controller tuning met...

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the technological, environmental, economic, regulatory, and social dimensions shaping the development and operation of agricultural biogas plants. The paper adopts a primarily European perspective, ref...

This study investigates the pyrolysis behavior of tung seed shells (TSSs), an underutilized lignocellulosic residue from Vernicia fordii, using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and in situ TG–FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal decomposition process...

The operation of modern power networks is increasingly exposed to overlapping climate extremes and volatile system conditions, making it essential to adopt scheduling approaches that are resilient as well as economical. In this study, a two-stage sto...

In response to the high energy consumption and carbon emission issues in the electrolytic aluminum industry, this paper proposes a multi-time-scale optimization and control method for electrolytic aluminum plants with high photovoltaic penetration. F...

With more hybrid heating systems available, there is a need to optimize energy use intelligently from the end-consumer perspective. This paper focuses on a multi-criteria heating system optimization to optimize cost, carbon emission, and comfort leve...

While community energy initiatives and pilot projects have demonstrated technical feasibility and economic benefits, their site-specific nature limits transferability to systematic, scalable investment models. This study addresses this gap by proposi...

With the global low-voltage power market expanding rapidly, lead-free dielectric ceramics exhibit excellent stability and environmental friendliness, but their strong field-dependence limits low-field applications. There is an urgent need to develop...

The growing world population has continued to drive up the demand for food and energy resources, putting substantial strain on the finite land, water, and fossil resources of the earth. Given the current climate crisis, the necessity of implementing...

Climate change and rising temperatures in cities due to the urban heat island (UHI) effect are causing increased heat stress and driving the development of efficient, sustainable outdoor cooling systems. The aim of this article was to analyze the int...

The article presents the development and laboratory validation of a current optimization algorithm designed for voltage-source systems. The algorithm was implemented in a real laboratory setup using a synchronous generator driven by a DC motor to mod...

A coordinated profile co-optimization strategy for the piston–liner pair was introduced to simultaneously reduce friction losses and dynamic excitation. Based on the main parameters of the engine. Lubrication theory and the finite element metho...

In the context of increasing demands for the reliability and efficiency of electrical complexes and systems, the problem of assessing and monitoring the technical condition (TC) of electrical equipment is becoming particularly relevant. This review i...

This study presents a numerical investigation of a parabolic trough absorber tube equipped with a novel Angularly Segmented Ring Turbulator (ASRT), designed to enhance heat transfer through periodic flow disturbance and improved wall–fluid inte...

In recent years, renewable energy has become one of the most critical pillars for addressing the dual challenges of global energy shortages and environmental degradation [...]

Unbalanced active distribution networks must be carefully analyzed to minimize undesirable implications from internal unbalances and the incorporation of intermittent sources, such as DG (Distributed Generation). A coordinated voltage regulation mech...

Remote northern regions face unique energy challenges due to geographic isolation, harsh climates, and limited access to centralized power grids. In response to growing environmental and economic pressures, there is a rising interest in hybrid energy...

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, caused by heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere, is a major driver of global warming. The World Economic Forum highlights rising emissions, ecosystem degradation, and climate-related disasters as long-term threats to gl...

To ensure the transition to electric transport in order to reduce CO₂ emissions, a number of projects have been initiated to develop and introduce new types of locally produced vehicles. The Russian Federation market is quite conservative and has its...

The proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) generates a significant reaction and ohmic heat during operation, imposing stringent cooling requirements. This study employs a three-dimensional, non-isothermal, steady multiphase multiphysics model to...

As the importance of energy efficiency and smart readiness in the building sector has been on the rise, the financial evaluation of smart-ready technologies (SRTs) remains a gap in this field. This study introduces a methodology that comparatively ev...

The echelon utilization of electric vehicle batteries is regarded as an effective method for treating waste batteries, enabling the recycling and reuse of retired electric vehicle batteries. However, the efficiency of battery disassembly is a crucial...

The fast-increasing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) power raises the issue of grid stability due to its intermittency and lack of inertia in power systems. Solar irradiance forecasting effectively supports advanced control, mitigates power intermitt...

The paper assesses the change in air pollutant emissions from a petrol passenger vehicle with changing mileage. The search for solutions enabling the assessment of the change in air pollutant emissions, considering the phenomenon of vehicle ageing, j...

Greenhouses play a vital role in modern agriculture by providing controlled environments for year-round crop production. However, climate regulation within these structures accounts for a significant portion of their energy consumption, often exceedi...

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with thermal and RGB cameras and enhanced by deep learning offer a powerful solution for autonomous photovoltaic (PV) system inspection. However, defect detection performance depends on flight parameters such...

Germany’s energy transition to a higher share of renewable energy sources (RESs) is characterized by decentralization, with citizens, cooperatives, SMEs, and municipalities playing a central role. As of early 2025, private individuals own a sig...

The numerical analysis technique is one of the primary methods for the design and development of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs). This study presents a detailed investigation into the influences of fully coupled and decoupled numerical analys...

The urgent pursuit of net-zero emissions presents a critical challenge for modern societies, necessitating a speedup of transformative shifts across sectors to mitigate climate change. Predicting trends and drivers in the integration of energy techno...

The SF₆/N₂ gas mixture is a key eco-friendly alternative to SF₆ in power equipment. However, its insulation and decomposition behaviors under realistic conditions of varying pressure and electric field non-uniformity remain insufficiently studied. Th...