Numerical Simulation of Crack Propagation in Flexible Asphalt Pavements Based on Cohesive Zone Model Developed from Asphalt Mixtures
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Preparation
2.1. Material Design
2.2. Constitute Law for Fracture Behavior
2.3. Static Three-Point Semi-Circular Bend Test
2.4. Dynamic Three-Point Semi-Circular Bend Test
3. Numerical Simulation of Crack Propagation in Static 3PSCBT
3.1. Construction of the FE Model for Static 3PSCBT
3.2. Verification of the FE model for static 3PSCBT
4. Numerical Simulation of Crack Propagation in Pavement Structure
4.1. Construction of the FE Model for the Pavement Structure
4.2. Simulation of Crack Propagation in Pavement Structure
5. Prediction of Load Cycles to the Failure of the Asphalt Pavement Structure
- Fracture energy for dynamic 3PSCBT at failure (mJ) (in the laboratory),
- Fracture energy for static 3PSCBT at failure (mJ) (in the simulation).
6. Conclusions and Outlook
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Asphalt Type | ||
---|---|---|---|
AC 22 TS | AC 16 BS | AC 8 DS | |
Bitumen content (M.-%) | 4.1 | 4.5 | 6.2 |
Aggregate | Gabbro | Granodiorite | Granodiorite |
>0.063 mm | 7 | 6 | 11 |
0.063–2.0 mm | 26 | 18 | 28 |
2.0–5.6 mm | 20 | 16 | 32 |
5.6–8.0 mm | 12 | 17 | 27 |
8.0–11.2 mm | 10 | 19 | 2 |
11.2–16.0 mm | 10 | 24 | - |
16.0–22.4 mm | 15 | - | - |
Bulk density (g/cm3) | 2.539 | 2.366 | 2.420 |
Density (g/cm3) | 2.695 | 2.557 | 2.499 |
Void content (%) | 5.8 | 7.5 | 3.2 |
Asphalt Type | Modulus of Elasticity E (MPa) | Poisson’s Ratio ν (-) | Maximum Cohesive Strength T° (MPa) | Fracture Energy Density Gc (mJ/mm2) | Stiffness K° for Cohesive Elements (MPa/mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asphalt surface layer (AC 8 DS) | 15,743 | 0.30 | 3.45 | 2.00 | 3.85 |
Asphalt binder layer (AC 16 BS) | 14,155 | 0.30 | 2.70 | 1.20 | 3.80 |
Asphalt base layer (AC 22 TS) | 20,676 | 0.30 | 4.25 | 2.25 | 4.20 |
Asphalt Type | Lower Stress (MPa) | Upper Stress (MPa) |
---|---|---|
Asphalt surface layer (AC 8 DS) | 0.1 | 2.4 |
Asphalt binder layer (AC 16 BS) | 0.1 | 2.2 |
Asphalt base layer (AC 22 TS) | 0.1 | 2.9 |
Thickness (mm) | Young’s Modulus E (MPa) | Poisson’s Ratio ν (-) | Maximum Cohesive Strength T° (MPa) | Fracture Energy Density Gc (mJ/mm2) | Stiffness K° for The Cohesive Elements (MPa/mm) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asphalt surface layer | 40 | 15,743 | 0.30 | 3.45 | 2.00 | 3.85 |
Asphalt binder layer | 80 | 14,155 | 0.30 | 2.70 | 1.20 | 3.80 |
Asphalt base layer | 220 | 20,676 | 0.30 | 4.25 | 2.25 | 4.20 |
Sub-base | 310 | 100 | 0.49 | - | - | - |
Subgrade | 7000 | 45 | 0.49 | - | - | - |
Fracture Energy from the Dynamic 3PSCBT (mJ) | Fracture Energy from the Numerical Simulation (mJ) | Calibration Factor CF (-) | |
---|---|---|---|
Asphalt surface layer | 8994 | 6862 | 1.31 |
Asphalt binder layer | 5405 | 4350 | 1.24 |
Asphalt base layer | 9207 | 7720 | 1.19 |
Asphalt Layer | (mJ) | (-) | (mJ) | (-) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Asphalt surface layer | 8994 | 12,885 | 4200 | 7882 |
Asphalt binder layer | 5405 | 4469 | 13,500 | 13,841 |
Asphalt base layer | 9207 | 10,550 | 19,590 | 26,712 |
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Liu, P.; Chen, J.; Lu, G.; Wang, D.; Oeser, M.; Leischner, S. Numerical Simulation of Crack Propagation in Flexible Asphalt Pavements Based on Cohesive Zone Model Developed from Asphalt Mixtures. Materials 2019, 12, 1278. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12081278
Liu P, Chen J, Lu G, Wang D, Oeser M, Leischner S. Numerical Simulation of Crack Propagation in Flexible Asphalt Pavements Based on Cohesive Zone Model Developed from Asphalt Mixtures. Materials. 2019; 12(8):1278. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12081278
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Pengfei, Jian Chen, Guoyang Lu, Dawei Wang, Markus Oeser, and Sabine Leischner. 2019. "Numerical Simulation of Crack Propagation in Flexible Asphalt Pavements Based on Cohesive Zone Model Developed from Asphalt Mixtures" Materials 12, no. 8: 1278. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12081278