Surface Properties of Medium-Entropy Alloy Coatings Prepared through a Combined Process of Laser Cladding and Ultrasonic Burnishing
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experiment Materials
2.2. Sample Preparation
2.3. Surface Morphology and Microstructure Characterization
2.4. Micro-Hardness and Nano-Indentation Test
2.5. Friction and Wear Test
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Surface Roughness
3.2. Porosity
3.3. Microstructure Characterization
3.4. Micro-Hardness and Elastic Modulus
3.5. Friction Wear
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- In comparison with the LC(FeCoNiCr) and LC(CoCrNi) coating samples, the surface roughness and porosity of the two corresponding UB-treated samples decreased significantly, illustrating that UB treatment could greatly smoothen the coating surface, decrease the porosity of coatings, and reduce surface defects. During UB treatment, under the applied external dynamic load, the materials in the coating surface and near-surface were forced to flow from surface peaks to valleys, and thereby the coating surface was flattened and the pores and defects in the coating surface were filled/cured.
- (2)
- The Fe content in two kinds of coatings obviously increased due to the dilution effect of substrate on the MEAs during laser cladding. The microstructure of the two kinds of MEA coatings showed a plane crystal at the bottom, a columnar crystal (cellular dendritic crystal for CoCrNi coating) at the middle, and an equiaxed-grain crystal at the top. For the two kinds of coating, after UB treatment, there was obvious grain refinement within 100 μm beneath the top surfaces of the coatings, which resulted from dislocation accumulation from the severe plastic deformation of the materials.
- (3)
- Compared with the LC(FeCoNiCr) and LC(CoCrNi) samples, the surface hardness and yield strength of the two corresponding UB-treated coating samples were improved. In both cases, after UB treatment, a gradient hardness structure was formed along the in-depth direction of the coating. Meanwhile, the two kinds of UB-treated coating samples exhibited better friction and wear properties than their corresponding untreated samples with wear rates decreasing by 68.5% and 72.0%, respectively.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | C | Co | Cr | Mo | Ni | Si | Mn | P | S | Cu | Fe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FeCoNiCr powder | / | Bal. | 22.58 | / | 25.66 | / | / | / | / | / | 24.60 |
CoCrNi powder | / | 33.95 | 32.42 | / | Bal. | / | / | / | / | / | / |
Substrate | 0.98 | / | 1.42 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.006 | 0.011 | 0.03 | Bal. |
Laser Power (W) | Laser Beam Diameter (mm) | Scanning Speed (mm/s) | Powder Feed Rate (mm/s) | Overlapping Ratio (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 4 | 1500 | 38.4 | 25 |
Frequency (kHz) | Feed Rate (mm/min) | Amplitude (mm) | Spindle Speed (rpm) | Pressure Deep (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
28 | 10 | 10 | 160 | 0.3 |
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Shen, X.; Liu, C.; Wang, B.; Zhang, Y.; Su, G.; Li, A. Surface Properties of Medium-Entropy Alloy Coatings Prepared through a Combined Process of Laser Cladding and Ultrasonic Burnishing. Materials 2022, 15, 5576. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15165576
Shen X, Liu C, Wang B, Zhang Y, Su G, Li A. Surface Properties of Medium-Entropy Alloy Coatings Prepared through a Combined Process of Laser Cladding and Ultrasonic Burnishing. Materials. 2022; 15(16):5576. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15165576
Chicago/Turabian StyleShen, Xuehui, Chang Liu, Baolin Wang, Yu Zhang, Guosheng Su, and Anhai Li. 2022. "Surface Properties of Medium-Entropy Alloy Coatings Prepared through a Combined Process of Laser Cladding and Ultrasonic Burnishing" Materials 15, no. 16: 5576. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15165576