β Grain Size Inhomogeneity of Large Scale Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr Alloy Bulk after Multi-Cycle and Multi-Axial Forging in α + β Field
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Melting and β-Field Forging
2.2. Ex Situ Investigation on Microstructure of the Billet before Forging in α + β Field
2.2.1. Necessity of Ex situ Investigation
2.2.2. The Source of Metallographic Samples
2.3. Multi-Cycle and Multi-Axial Forging in α + β Field
2.3.1. Forging Strategy
2.3.2. The Source of Metallographic Samples
2.4. Characterizing Grain Boundary of β Grain
2.5. Isothermal Compression Test
3. Results
3.1. Microstructure of Ti-5553 Alloy Billet before Forging in α + β Field
3.2. Gradual β-Grain Refinement during the 6th~44th Cycle α + β Forging
3.2.1. The 6th Cycle
3.2.2. The 14th Cycle
3.2.3. The 22nd Cycle
3.2.4. The 38nd Cycle
3.2.5. The 44th Cycle
3.2.6. Microstructure of Incomplete Recrystallization Region
3.3. Eliminating the Incomplete Recrystallization Region
3.4. Abnormal β-Grain Growth during the 50th~62nd Cycle α + β Forging
3.4.1. The 50th Cycle
3.4.2. The 56th Cycle
3.4.3. The 62nd Cycle
3.5. Eliminating Coarse β Grain Caused by Abnormal Grain Growth
4. Discussion
4.1. Forging Temperature
4.2. Forging Ratio
4.3. Deformation Rate
5. Conclusions
- It is impossible to fabricate large-scale homogeneous Ti-5553 alloy billet with fine and equiaxial β grain by multi-cycle α + β forging with a high deformation rate.
- The inappropriate forging parameters, especially the deformation rate, might lead to the incomplete dynamic recrystallization of the β phase and abnormal grain growth of β phase during the multi-cycle and multi-axial forging of the large-scale Ti-5553 alloy billet.
- After performing the solution treatment at 785 °C and the 5 min ageing treatment at 785 °C, the β grain size and β grain shape of Ti-5553 alloy forging billet could be characterized by an optical microscope.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Microstructure | Average Grain Size (μm) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Tensile Elongation |
---|---|---|---|
β-annealed | 200 | 900–1500 [2,3] | 5–9% [2,3] |
Bimodal | 20 | 900–1400 [2,3] | 12–20% [2,3] |
Elements | Al | V | Mo | Cr | O | Ti |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mass Percent (wt. %) | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 3.0 | 0.05 | Bal. |
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Qin, D.; Liu, H.; Li, Y. β Grain Size Inhomogeneity of Large Scale Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr Alloy Bulk after Multi-Cycle and Multi-Axial Forging in α + β Field. Materials 2023, 16, 1692. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041692
Qin D, Liu H, Li Y. β Grain Size Inhomogeneity of Large Scale Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr Alloy Bulk after Multi-Cycle and Multi-Axial Forging in α + β Field. Materials. 2023; 16(4):1692. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041692
Chicago/Turabian StyleQin, Dongyang, Huifang Liu, and Yulong Li. 2023. "β Grain Size Inhomogeneity of Large Scale Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr Alloy Bulk after Multi-Cycle and Multi-Axial Forging in α + β Field" Materials 16, no. 4: 1692. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041692