Synthesis of MnFe2O4 Spinel on Rusted Q235 Steel Surface and Its Corrosion Resistance Properties
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods and Materials
2.1. Materials
2.2. Electrochemical Measurements
2.2.1. Electrode Preparation
2.2.2. Measuring Condition
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. The Impact of Electrolysis Time on the Corrosion Resistance of MnFe2O4 Spinel Coatings
3.1.1. XRD Analysis of Samples with Different Electrolysis Times
3.1.2. FT-IR Analysis of Samples with Different Electrolysis Times
3.1.3. Surface Morphology Analysis of Samples with Different Electrolysis Times
3.1.4. Cross-Sectional Morphology Analysis of Samples with Different Electrolysis Times
3.2. The Effect of Mn2+ Concentration on the Corrosion Resistance of MnFe2O4 Spinel Coatings
3.2.1. XRD Analysis of Samples with Different Mn2+ Concentrations
3.2.2. FT-IR Analysis of Samples with Different Mn2+ Concentrations
3.2.3. Surface Morphology Analysis of Samples with Different Mn2+ Concentrations
3.2.4. Cross-Sectional Morphology Analysis of Samples with Different Mn2+ Concentrations
3.3. Corrosion Resistance Testing of MnFe2O4 Spinel Coatings
3.3.1. Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurement
3.3.2. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- Q235 steel undergoes electrolytic rust enhancement to form a stable rust layer. The precursor can then be prepared in situ using the sol-gel method, and MnFe2O4 spinel corrosion-resistant coatings can be fabricated through high-temperature in situ processing.
- (2)
- Based on the XRD, FT-IR, morphological patterns of the samples, and cross-sectional morphology characterizations, the optimal conditions for precursor preparation are determined to be a Mn2+ concentration of 0.1 mol/L and an electrolysis time of 2 h.
- (3)
- The results of the polarization curves indicate that MnFe2O4 spinel corrosion-resistant coatings exhibit higher corrosion resistance in low mass fraction NaCl solutions. Notably, in a 1 wt.% NaCl solution, the corrosion current density of the MnFe2O4 spinel coating is 6.79 µA/cm2, which is significantly lower than the corrosion current density of Q235 steel under the same conditions at 24.8 µA/cm2. This demonstrates that the MnFe2O4 spinel coating enhances the corrosion resistance of Q235 steel.
- (4)
- The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results indicate that the MnFe2O4 spinel corrosion-resistant coating enhances corrosion resistance by inhibiting the charge transfer process. Compared to uncoated Q235 steel, the MnFe2O4 spinel coating significantly protects Q235 steel in corrosion solutions with wt.% NaCl = 1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4, and 5, exhibiting the strongest corrosion resistance at wt.% NaCl = 1.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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NaCl wt.% | MnFe2O4 Spinel Coating | ||
---|---|---|---|
Ecorr (mV) | Icorr (µA/cm2) | Rp (kΩ·cm2) | |
1.0 | −169 | 6.79 | 2.330 |
2.0 | −231 | 10.6 | 1.860 |
3.0 | −249 | 12.4 | 1.830 |
3.5 | −253 | 15.6. | 1.390 |
4.0 | −247 | 41.0 | 0.561 |
5.0 | −235 | 40.0 | 0.473 |
NaCl wt.% | Q235 | ||
---|---|---|---|
Ecorr (mV) | Icorr (µA/cm2) | Rp (kΩ·cm2) | |
1.0 | −385 | 24.8 | 0.857 |
2.0 | −396 | 29.4 | 0.586 |
3.0 | −395 | 53.2 | 0.518 |
3.5 | −379 | 72.3 | 0.292 |
4.0 | −400 | 62.5 | 0.351 |
5.0 | −397 | 55.7 | 0.497 |
NaCl wt.% | MnFe2O4 Spinel Coating | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R0/Ω·cm2 | R1/Ω·cm2 | R2/Ω·cm2 | CPE/mF·cm−2 | n | C0/μF·cm−2 | |
1.0 | 7.76 | 77.7 | 536 | 762 | 0.780 | 67.4 |
2.0 | 4.26 | 3.08 | 523 | 679 | 0.712 | 52.4 |
3.0 | 2.51 | 6.37 | 476 | 638 | 0.637 | 285 |
3.5 | 2.25 | 5.75 | 466 | 722 | 0.721 | 670 |
4.0 | 2.35 | 17.7 | 553 | 709 | 0.754 | 44.2 |
5.0 | 1.35 | 8.61 | 501 | 712 | 0.712 | 127 |
NaCl wt.% | Q235 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R0/Ω·cm2 | R1/Ω·cm2 | R2/Ω·cm2 | CPE/mF·cm−2 | n1 | CPE/mF·cm−2 | n2 | |
1.0 | 8.10 | 301 | 6.17 | 804 | 0.5 | 500 | 1 |
2.0 | 4.36 | 260 | 2.19 | 778 | 0.5 | 500 | 1 |
3.0 | 2.48 | 216 | 1.33 | 831 | 0.5 | 500 | 1 |
3.5 | 1.88 | 90.6 | 2.41 | 738 | 0.5 | 521 | 0.982 |
4.0 | 1.67 | 93.6 | 0.49 | 819 | 0.5 | 500 | 0.934 |
5.0 | 1.61 | 156 | 0.86 | 821 | 1 | 500 | 0.5 |
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Feng, B.-A.; Miao, X.; Zhang, T.-A. Synthesis of MnFe2O4 Spinel on Rusted Q235 Steel Surface and Its Corrosion Resistance Properties. Materials 2024, 17, 4163. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17164163
Feng B-A, Miao X, Zhang T-A. Synthesis of MnFe2O4 Spinel on Rusted Q235 Steel Surface and Its Corrosion Resistance Properties. Materials. 2024; 17(16):4163. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17164163
Chicago/Turabian StyleFeng, Bai-Ao, Xu Miao, and Ting-An Zhang. 2024. "Synthesis of MnFe2O4 Spinel on Rusted Q235 Steel Surface and Its Corrosion Resistance Properties" Materials 17, no. 16: 4163. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17164163