Modeling the Spatial Distribution of Acacia decurrens Plantation Forests Using PlanetScope Images and Environmental Variables in the Northwestern Highlands of Ethiopia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data
2.2.1. Remote Sensing Data
2.2.2. Environmental Variable Data
2.2.3. Presence/Absence Data
2.3. Variable Selection
2.4. Modelling Algorithms
2.5. Model Evaluation
3. Results
3.1. Multicollinearity Test
3.2. Performance of Modelling Algorithms
3.3. Variable Importance
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
No. | Name | Abbreviation | Formula |
1 | Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index | ARVI | |
2 | Blue Green Pigment Index | BGI | |
3 | Blue Normalized Difference Vegetation Index | BNDVI | |
4 | Chlorophyll Vegetation Index | CVI | |
5 | Difference Vegetation Index | DVI | |
6 | Differenced Vegetation Index MSS | DVIMSS | |
7 | Enhanced Vegetation Index | EVI | |
8 | Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 | EVI2 | |
9 | Green Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index | GARI | |
10 | Green-Blue NDVI | GBNDVI | |
11 | Greenness Index | GI | |
12 | Green Leaf Index | GLI | |
13 | Green NDVI | GNDVI | |
14 | Green Optimized SAVI | GOSAVI | |
15 | Green-Red NDVI | GRNDVI | |
16 | Green Ratio Vegetation Index | GRVI | |
17 | Infrared Percentage Vegetation Index | IPVI | |
18 | Leaf Area Index | LAI | |
19 | Modified NDVI | mNDVI | |
20 | Modified Simple Ratio | mSR | |
21 | Modified SAVI | mSAVI | |
22 | Normalized Difference Plant Pigment Ratio | PPR | |
23 | Normalized Difference Photosynthetic Vigor Ratio | PVR | |
24 | Normalized Difference 682/553 | ND682/553 | |
25 | Normalized Difference Vegetation Index | NDVI | |
26 | Red-Blue NDVI | RBNDVI | |
27 | Renormalized Difference Vegetation Index | RDVI | |
28 | Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index | SAVI | |
29 | Simple Ratio | SR | |
30 | Transformed NDVI | TNDVI | |
31 | Weighted Difference Vegetation Index | WDVI | |
32 | Wide Dynamic Range Vegetation Index | WDRVI | |
where B is blue band, G is green band, R is red band, IR is infrared band, is 0.2, and is 0.5. |
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No. | Variables | VIF |
---|---|---|
1 | ARVI | 7.414995 |
2 | Aspect | 1.190828 |
3 | CVI | 6.169403 |
4 | Elevation | 3.323751 |
5 | GI | 3.797256 |
6 | mSAVI | 3.771155 |
7 | Rainfall | 3.080133 |
8 | Road | 1.192230 |
9 | Slope | 1.220056 |
10 | Soil type | 1.724052 |
11 | Temperature | 5.638469 |
Algorithm | AUC | Sensitivity | Specificity | TSS |
---|---|---|---|---|
GLM | 0.84 | 0.81 | 0.83 | 0.64 |
MARS | 0.85 | 0.82 | 0.83 | 0.65 |
BRT | 0.89 | 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.7 |
RF | 0.93 | 0.9 | 0.92 | 0.82 |
SVM | 0.89 | 0.82 | 0.89 | 0.71 |
CART | 0.84 | 0.8 | 0.85 | 0.65 |
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Alemayehu, B.; Suarez-Minguez, J.; Rosette, J. Modeling the Spatial Distribution of Acacia decurrens Plantation Forests Using PlanetScope Images and Environmental Variables in the Northwestern Highlands of Ethiopia. Forests 2024, 15, 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15020277
Alemayehu B, Suarez-Minguez J, Rosette J. Modeling the Spatial Distribution of Acacia decurrens Plantation Forests Using PlanetScope Images and Environmental Variables in the Northwestern Highlands of Ethiopia. Forests. 2024; 15(2):277. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15020277
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlemayehu, Bireda, Juan Suarez-Minguez, and Jacqueline Rosette. 2024. "Modeling the Spatial Distribution of Acacia decurrens Plantation Forests Using PlanetScope Images and Environmental Variables in the Northwestern Highlands of Ethiopia" Forests 15, no. 2: 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15020277