Micro Injection Molding of Drug-Loaded Round Window Niche Implants for an Animal Model Using 3D-Printed Molds

Mau, Robert; Eickner, Thomas; Jüttner, Gábor; Gao, Ziwen; Wei, Chunjiang; Fiedler, Nicklas; Senz, Volkmar; Lenarz, Thomas; Grabow, Niels; Scheper, Verena; Seitz, Hermann

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15061584

Open AccessArticle

Micro Injection Molding of Drug-Loaded Round Window Niche Implants for an Animal Model Using 3D-Printed Molds

by

Robert Mau

¹

,

Thomas Eickner

²,

Gábor Jüttner

³,

Ziwen Gao

^4,5

,

Chunjiang Wei

^4,5,

Nicklas Fiedler

²

,

Volkmar Senz

²

,

Thomas Lenarz

^4,5

,

Niels Grabow

^2,6

,

Verena Scheper

^4,5,*

and

Hermann Seitz

^1,6,*

¹

Microfluidics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany

²

Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany

³

Kunststoff-Zentrum in Leipzig gGmbH (KUZ), Erich-Zeigner-Allee 44, 04229 Leipzig, Germany

⁴

Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany

⁵

Cluster of Excellence “Hearing4all”, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany

⁶

Department Life, Light & Matter, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(6), 1584; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15061584

Submission received: 14 April 2023 / Revised: 16 May 2023 / Accepted: 22 May 2023 / Published: 24 May 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Local Drug Delivery System)

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Abstract

A novel approach for the long-term medical treatment of the inner ear is the diffusion of drugs through the round window membrane from a patient-individualized, drug-eluting implant, which is inserted in the middle ear. In this study, drug-loaded (10 wt% Dexamethasone) guinea pig round window niche implants (GP-RNIs, ~1.30 mm × 0.95 mm × 0.60 mm) were manufactured with high precision via micro injection molding (µIM, T_mold = 160 °C, crosslinking time of 120 s). Each implant has a handle (~3.00 mm × 1.00 mm × 0.30 mm) that can be used to hold the implant. A medical-grade silicone elastomer was used as implant material. Molds for µIM were 3D printed from a commercially available resin (T_G = 84 °C) via a high-resolution DLP process (xy resolution of 32 µm, z resolution of 10 µm, 3D printing time of about 6 h). Drug release, biocompatibility, and bioefficacy of the GP-RNIs were investigated in vitro. GP-RNIs could be successfully produced. The wear of the molds due to thermal stress was observed. However, the molds are suitable for single use in the µIM process. About 10% of the drug load (8.2 ± 0.6 µg) was released after 6 weeks (medium: isotonic saline). The implants showed high biocompatibility over 28 days (lowest cell viability ~80%). Moreover, we found anti-inflammatory effects over 28 days in a TNF-α-reduction test. These results are promising for the development of long-term drug-releasing implants for human inner ear therapy.

Keywords: micro injection molding; 3D printing; rapid tooling; digital light processing; implant; drug delivery system; dexamethasone; anti-inflammatory; TNF-α; biocompatibility; inner ear therapy

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mau, R.; Eickner, T.; Jüttner, G.; Gao, Z.; Wei, C.; Fiedler, N.; Senz, V.; Lenarz, T.; Grabow, N.; Scheper, V.; et al. Micro Injection Molding of Drug-Loaded Round Window Niche Implants for an Animal Model Using 3D-Printed Molds. Pharmaceutics 2023, 15, 1584. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15061584

AMA Style

Mau R, Eickner T, Jüttner G, Gao Z, Wei C, Fiedler N, Senz V, Lenarz T, Grabow N, Scheper V, et al. Micro Injection Molding of Drug-Loaded Round Window Niche Implants for an Animal Model Using 3D-Printed Molds. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(6):1584. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15061584

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mau, Robert, Thomas Eickner, Gábor Jüttner, Ziwen Gao, Chunjiang Wei, Nicklas Fiedler, Volkmar Senz, Thomas Lenarz, Niels Grabow, Verena Scheper, and et al. 2023. "Micro Injection Molding of Drug-Loaded Round Window Niche Implants for an Animal Model Using 3D-Printed Molds" Pharmaceutics 15, no. 6: 1584. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15061584

APA Style

Mau, R., Eickner, T., Jüttner, G., Gao, Z., Wei, C., Fiedler, N., Senz, V., Lenarz, T., Grabow, N., Scheper, V., & Seitz, H. (2023). Micro Injection Molding of Drug-Loaded Round Window Niche Implants for an Animal Model Using 3D-Printed Molds. Pharmaceutics, 15(6), 1584. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15061584

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Micro Injection Molding of Drug-Loaded Round Window Niche Implants for an Animal Model Using 3D-Printed Molds

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