Transdermal Drug Delivery of Tazarotene: Determining Tazarotene’s Potential in Local Transdermal Therapy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of Topical Formulations
2.3. Release Studies by In Vitro Experiments
2.4. Tape-Stripping
2.5. UPLC-QDa Analysis
2.6. Pilot Study Using Porcine Joints
3. Results
3.1. Transdermal Drug Delivery
3.2. Tape Stripping
3.3. Pilot Study
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gel | Cream | ||
---|---|---|---|
Ingredient | Amount | Ingredient | Amount |
Ascorbic acid | 1.35% | Carbopol | 1.08% |
Carbopol | 2.16% | Ceta-stearyl alcohol | 10.83% |
Distilled water | 54.07% | Distilled water | 75.78% |
Natrium hydroxide 5 M | 1.86% | Natrium hydroxide 5 M | 1.49% |
Polyethylene glycol 6′000 | 13.52% | Paraffin oil | 10.83% |
Propylene glycol | 27.03% |
Compound | RT (min) | MW (m/z) | Product Ion (m/z) |
---|---|---|---|
Tazarotene | 1.38 | 352.20 | 324.10 |
Tazarotenic acid | 0.83 | 324.10 | 294.10 |
Linearity: 0.99885 Accuracy and precision: 97.25–100.98%, CV 3.20–7.43% |
Joint | Tazarotene (ng) | Tazarotenic Acid (ng) | Tazarotene Absorbed into Articular Cartilage (%) * | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gel | First joint | 106.22 ± 95.90 | 38.48 ± 0 ** | 0.011% |
Second joint | 122.06 ± 65.42 | 38.08 ± 1.47 | 0.012% | |
Cream | First joint | 101.11 ± 0.12 | 45.59 ± 6.18 | 0.010% |
Second joint | 270.09 ± 0.09 | 40.77 ± 1.96 | 0.027% |
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Hamzehpour, H.; Óskarsdóttir, Á.; Jónsson, H.; Jónsdóttir, F.; Sigurjónsson, Ó.E.; Snorradottir, B.S. Transdermal Drug Delivery of Tazarotene: Determining Tazarotene’s Potential in Local Transdermal Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2024, 16, 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16010064
Hamzehpour H, Óskarsdóttir Á, Jónsson H, Jónsdóttir F, Sigurjónsson ÓE, Snorradottir BS. Transdermal Drug Delivery of Tazarotene: Determining Tazarotene’s Potential in Local Transdermal Therapy. Pharmaceutics. 2024; 16(1):64. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16010064
Chicago/Turabian StyleHamzehpour, Helena, Ástrós Óskarsdóttir, Helgi Jónsson, Fjóla Jónsdóttir, Ólafur E. Sigurjónsson, and Bergthora S. Snorradottir. 2024. "Transdermal Drug Delivery of Tazarotene: Determining Tazarotene’s Potential in Local Transdermal Therapy" Pharmaceutics 16, no. 1: 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16010064
APA StyleHamzehpour, H., Óskarsdóttir, Á., Jónsson, H., Jónsdóttir, F., Sigurjónsson, Ó. E., & Snorradottir, B. S. (2024). Transdermal Drug Delivery of Tazarotene: Determining Tazarotene’s Potential in Local Transdermal Therapy. Pharmaceutics, 16(1), 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16010064