Targeting the Adenosine A2A Receptor as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Clinical Trial Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. RCC Epidemiology
2.1. Treatment of Localized RCC
2.2. Treatment of Metastatic RCC
3. General Physiological Role of the Adenosine A2A Receptor
4. Physiological Role of Adenosine A2A Receptors in Tumors
5. Types of Adenosine A2A Receptor Drugs
6. Clinical Trials Investigating Current Adenosine A2A Receptor Drugs in RCC
7. Conclusions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Drug | Trial | Phase | Number of Patients | Drugs Involved | Condition or Disease | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ciforadenant (CPI-444) | NCT02655822 | I/Ib | 502 | Atezolizumab | Renal cell cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer | Completed |
NCT05501054 | Ib/II | 24 | Ipilimumab, Nivolumab | Renal cell carcinoma | Recruiting | |
TT-10 | NCT04969315 | I/II | 90 | Renal cell cancer, castration-resistant prostate cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma | Active, not recruiting | |
NIR178 (PBF509/Taminadenant) | NCT04895748 | I/Ib | 40 | DFF332, RAD001, PDR001 | Renal cell carcinoma | Active, not recruiting |
NCT03549000 | I/Ib | 127 | NZV930, PDR001 | Renal cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, colorectal cancer microsatellite stable, ovarian cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer | Terminated | |
NCT03207867 | II | 315 | PDR001 | Renal cell cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, urothelial cancer, head and neck cancer, diffused large B cell lymphoma, microsatellite stable colon cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, melanoma, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer | Terminated | |
Etrumadenant (AB928) | NCT03629756 | I | 48 | zimberelimab (AB122) | Renal cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, Merkel cell carcinoma, gastroesophageal cancer, castration-resistant prostate cancer | Completed |
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Chen, T.-Y.; Chang, Y.-C.; Yu, C.-Y.; Sung, W.-W. Targeting the Adenosine A2A Receptor as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Clinical Trial Review. Pharmaceutics 2024, 16, 1127. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091127
Chen T-Y, Chang Y-C, Yu C-Y, Sung W-W. Targeting the Adenosine A2A Receptor as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Clinical Trial Review. Pharmaceutics. 2024; 16(9):1127. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091127
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Ting-Yu, Ya-Chuan Chang, Chia-Ying Yu, and Wen-Wei Sung. 2024. "Targeting the Adenosine A2A Receptor as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Clinical Trial Review" Pharmaceutics 16, no. 9: 1127. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091127