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Volume 14
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Article

Zero Tillage, Residue Retention and System-Intensification with Legumes for Enhanced Pearl Millet Productivity and Mineral Biofortification

by
Mukhtar Ahmad Faiz
1,
Ram Swaroop Bana
1,*,
Anil Kumar Choudhary
1,2,
Alison M. Laing
3,
Ruchi Bansal
4,
Arti Bhatia
5,
Ramesh Chand Bana
1,*,
Yudh Vir Singh
6,
Vipin Kumar
1,
Shanti Devi Bamboriya
1,
Rabindra Nath Padaria
7,
Shanker Lal Khaswan
8 and
Jai Prakash Singh Dabas
7
1
Division of Agronomy, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
2
Division of Crop Production, ICAR—Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171 001, India
3
CSIRO Agriculture & Food, St. Lucia, Brisbane 4067, Australia
4
Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR—National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110 012, India
5
Division of Environmental Sciences, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
6
Division of Microbiology, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
7
Division of Agricultural Extension, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
8
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Karauli, Agricultural University Kota, Kota 322 230, India
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2022, 14(1), 543; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010543
Submission received: 3 October 2021 / Revised: 16 November 2021 / Accepted: 17 November 2021 / Published: 4 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Health Restoration and Environmental Management)
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Abstract

Pearl millet-based cropping systems with intensive tillage operations prior to sowing have limited sustainable productivity in the low-irrigation conditions of semi-arid farming ecologies, such as those in the north Indian plains. The adoption of improved management practices such as zero tillage with residue retention (ZTR) and diversification with the inclusion of summer pulse crops has the potential to improve cropping system sustainability. Therefore, an experiment was designed to compare two improved management practices, zero tillage (ZT) and ZTR, to conventional tillage (CT), across three pearl millet-based cropping systems: pearl millet–chickpea (PM–CP), PM–CP–mungbean (MB), and PM–CP–forage pearl millet in a two-year experiment. Experimental treatments were compared in terms of pearl millet productivity, mineral biofortification, and greenhouse gas emissions. Results showed a significant increase in pearl millet yield attributes, grain and stover productivity, nutrient uptake, and micronutrient biofortification in the PM–CP–MB cropping system under ZTR relative to other treatment combinations. On-farm evaluation at different locations also showed that the intensification of PM–CP system using summer crops enhanced pearl millet productivity across diverse tillage systems. Overall, zero tillage practices combined with diversified pearl millet-based cropping systems are likely to be management practices, which farmers can use to sustainably maintain or increase cropping system productivity in the various semi-arid areas of the world.
Keywords: on-farm adaptive research; pearl millet-based cropping systems; legume; proline content; nutrient uptake; conservation agriculture on-farm adaptive research; pearl millet-based cropping systems; legume; proline content; nutrient uptake; conservation agriculture

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MDPI and ACS Style

Faiz, M.A.; Bana, R.S.; Choudhary, A.K.; Laing, A.M.; Bansal, R.; Bhatia, A.; Bana, R.C.; Singh, Y.V.; Kumar, V.; Bamboriya, S.D.; et al. Zero Tillage, Residue Retention and System-Intensification with Legumes for Enhanced Pearl Millet Productivity and Mineral Biofortification. Sustainability 2022, 14, 543. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010543

AMA Style

Faiz MA, Bana RS, Choudhary AK, Laing AM, Bansal R, Bhatia A, Bana RC, Singh YV, Kumar V, Bamboriya SD, et al. Zero Tillage, Residue Retention and System-Intensification with Legumes for Enhanced Pearl Millet Productivity and Mineral Biofortification. Sustainability. 2022; 14(1):543. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010543

Chicago/Turabian Style

Faiz, Mukhtar Ahmad, Ram Swaroop Bana, Anil Kumar Choudhary, Alison M. Laing, Ruchi Bansal, Arti Bhatia, Ramesh Chand Bana, Yudh Vir Singh, Vipin Kumar, Shanti Devi Bamboriya, and et al. 2022. "Zero Tillage, Residue Retention and System-Intensification with Legumes for Enhanced Pearl Millet Productivity and Mineral Biofortification" Sustainability 14, no. 1: 543. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010543

APA Style

Faiz, M. A., Bana, R. S., Choudhary, A. K., Laing, A. M., Bansal, R., Bhatia, A., Bana, R. C., Singh, Y. V., Kumar, V., Bamboriya, S. D., Padaria, R. N., Khaswan, S. L., & Dabas, J. P. S. (2022). Zero Tillage, Residue Retention and System-Intensification with Legumes for Enhanced Pearl Millet Productivity and Mineral Biofortification. Sustainability, 14(1), 543. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010543

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