On the Reason to Implement a Sustainable Urban Drainage Nature-Based Solution to Decrease Flood Threat: A Survey
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area and Sample
2.2. Climate
2.3. Research Method and Procedures
2.4. Variables and Measurements
3. Results
3.1. Diffusion of NBSs over the Territory
3.2. Spatial Distribution of NBSs
3.3. Dynamics of NBS Socioeconomic Characteristics
- Historical centers, where heritage preservation and urban development dictated by local economic growth require adaptive practices that respect the urban layout;
- Areas of new urbanization, specifically regulated by regional law, where post-development runoff production cannot exceed the predevelopment one and where there is an opportunity to design new buildings and infrastructure based on sustainable development principles;
- Industrial areas that can be hot spots of runoff and pollution production and require special attention to ensure environmental protection;
- The suburbs, where the interconnectedness of socioeconomic development can be a limitation due to the lack of infrastructure or can be an opportunity due to the dynamic and transitional nature of the suburbs.
3.4. Time Trend of NBS Development
3.5. Attitudinal Factors Undermining the Adoption of NBSs
4. Discussion and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Retention Basin | Detention Tank | NBS | Riverbank Enhancement | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
Frequently implemented | 9 | 23.1 | 28 | 71.8 | 14 | 32.6 | 19 | 41.3 |
Rarely implemented | 30 | 76.9 | 11 | 28.2 | 29 | 67.4 | 27 | 58.7 |
Type of NBS | None | Less than 5 | Between 6 and 20 | More than 20 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Vegetated Swales | 76.6% | 19.1% | 0.0% | 4.3% |
Porous Pavements | 23.5% | 25.5% | 29.4% | 21.6% |
Bioretention Gardens | 71.4% | 24.5% | 2.0% | 2.0% |
Infiltration Trenches | 69.4% | 16.3% | 12.2% | 2.0% |
No NBS in the Municipality | Historical Centers | Suburbs | Newly Urbanized Areas | Industrial Areas | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vegetated Swales | 62.9% | 8.6% | 17.1% | 8.6% | 2.9% |
Porous Pavements | 11.0% | 19.2% | 9.6% | 41.1% | 19.2% |
Bioretention Gardens | 51.4% | 2.7% | 8.1% | 27.0% | 10.8% |
Infiltration Trenches | 45.5% | 6.8% | 15.9% | 18.2% | 13.6% |
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Piazza, P.; Ursino, N. On the Reason to Implement a Sustainable Urban Drainage Nature-Based Solution to Decrease Flood Threat: A Survey. Sustainability 2023, 15, 9798. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129798
Piazza P, Ursino N. On the Reason to Implement a Sustainable Urban Drainage Nature-Based Solution to Decrease Flood Threat: A Survey. Sustainability. 2023; 15(12):9798. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129798
Chicago/Turabian StylePiazza, Paola, and Nadia Ursino. 2023. "On the Reason to Implement a Sustainable Urban Drainage Nature-Based Solution to Decrease Flood Threat: A Survey" Sustainability 15, no. 12: 9798. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129798