Mechanical Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites with Low Cost Fibers and Recycled Glass Filler
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials and Mixtures
2.2. Mechanical Tests
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Plain ECC Mixtures
4.2. Low Cost PVA-ECC Mixtures
4.3. Compressive–Flexural Strength Relationship
5. Conclusions
- For plain specimens where PVA fibers were not used, the addition of RG increased the compressive strength at mature ages (28 and 90 days), while this result was not recorded at early age (7 days), which is attributed to the late pozzolanic activity of the finest RG particles (less than 100 µm).
- The flexural strength of the plain specimens followed approximately similar trends to those of compressive strength at 7 days (decrease) and 28 days (increase), but with slight fluctuations around the reference records. However, the results of flexural strength exhibited an explicit increase for all RG replacement ratios at 90 days, where the strength was 8 to 17% higher than the reference specimens, which fully agrees with the results of the compressive strength at this age.
- Despite the fact that PVA fibers increased both compressive and flexural strengths, the replacement of silica sand with RG led to a different behavior for specimens incorporating low cost PVA fibers compared to their corresponding plain specimens, where RG replacement decreased both compressive and flexural strengths. The maximum strength decrease was recorded for specimens incorporating 100% RG, which ranged from 7.8 to 13.5% at the three ages compared to the corresponding specimens with 0% of RG.
- Increasing the compressive strength increased the flexural strength for all mixtures and at all ages. However, the development ratios of flexural strength compared to compressive strength were higher after 28 days compared to that from 7 to 28 days. This development could be analyzed using the slopes of the compressive–flexural strength relations, which were significantly higher for the 28–90 days of maturing age compared to the earlier one from 7 to 28 days. These slopes were also higher for PVA-reinforced mixtures compared to plain mixtures reflecting the positive effect of fiber bridging role in increasing the flexural strength. The maximum slopes of the fibrous and plain specimens for the 7–28 days period were 0.15 and 0.12, respectively, while they were 0.60 and 0.53 for the 28–90 days period, respectively.
- As mentioned in the introduction, very few research works were conducted on cementitious composites with partial and full replacement of silica sand by fine recycled glass filler. The utilization of low cost PVA fibers rather than the standard costly surface-treated PVA fibers was investigated in combination with recycled glass filler in this study. It is suggested that the utilization of more sustainable fiber alternatives, such as recycled fibers with recycled glass fine filler in cementitious composites would be a useful and required future study.
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mixture | % Replacement of RG | % Fiber |
---|---|---|
RG0F0 | 0 | 0 |
RG3F0 | 30 | |
RG6F0 | 60 | |
RG10F0 | 100 | |
RG0PVA | 0 | 2.0 |
RG3PVA | 30 | |
RG6PVA | 60 | |
RG10PVA | 100 |
Fiber Type | Length (mm) | Diameter (µm) | Fu (MPa) | E (GPa) |
---|---|---|---|---|
PVA | 6 | 39 | 1620 | 42.8 |
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Abid, S.R.; Nahhab, A.H.; Al-Dahawi, A.M.; Kadhum, A.L.; Ali, S.H. Mechanical Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites with Low Cost Fibers and Recycled Glass Filler. Sustainability 2023, 15, 9952. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139952
Abid SR, Nahhab AH, Al-Dahawi AM, Kadhum AL, Ali SH. Mechanical Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites with Low Cost Fibers and Recycled Glass Filler. Sustainability. 2023; 15(13):9952. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139952
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbid, Sallal R., Ali H. Nahhab, Ali M. Al-Dahawi, Ahmed L. Kadhum, and Sajjad H. Ali. 2023. "Mechanical Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites with Low Cost Fibers and Recycled Glass Filler" Sustainability 15, no. 13: 9952. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139952