Challenges and Pathways in Sustainable Rural Resiliencies or/and Resistances

The concept of ‘sustainable rural resiliencies’ has an umbrella consideration for multiple situations. Against the main stream of rural geographical literature, the concept of resistance associated with the concept of resilience is used. The concept of resistance is linked with processes of social and spatial tensions and change in the rural community, while the concept of resilience is linked to periods of relative stability in the place at different scales. But, little research uses resistance and resilience as a spatial-time process in a complementary way. In this contribution we use resistance and resilience in this perspective, with socio-spatial manifestations at global, national, regional, and local levels, in form of four scalar spheres and styles of complementarity: resilience model of stability, mix model bottom up, mix model from above and resistance model associated with tensions.