RETRACTED: Musharavati, F. A Study on Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Seawater Desalination Systems: Seawater Reverse Osmosis Integrated with Bipolar-Membrane-Enhanced Electro-Dialysis Process. Sustainability 2023, 15, 16673

The Sustainability Editorial Office retracts the article, “A Study on Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Seawater Desalination Systems: Seawater Reverse Osmosis Integrated with Bipolar-Membrane-Enhanced Electro-Dialysis Process” [1], cited above.

Following publication, concerns were brought to the attention of the publisher regarding an overlap between this article [1] and an earlier article [2] originating from a different authorship group.

Adhering to our complaint’s procedure, an investigation was conducted by the Editorial Office that confirmed a significant overlap of text, figures (Figures 3–8) and tables (Tables 1–4) between this article [1] and the earlier publication [2] without appropriate acknowledgement or citation. As a result, the Editorial Office and Editorial Board have decided to retract this article [1] as per MDPI’s retraction policy (https://www.mdpi.com/ethics#_bookmark30) and in line with the Committee on Publication Ethics’ retraction guidelines (https://publicationethics.org/retraction-guidelines).

This retraction was approved by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Sustainability.

The author agreed to this retraction.