Causes of Increased Compound Temperature and Precipitation Extreme Events in the Arid Region of Northwest China from 1961 to 2100
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data
2.2.1. Measured Data
2.2.2. CMIP6 Data
2.3. Definition of Compound Extreme Temperature and Extreme Precipitation Events
3. Results
3.1. Observed Changes in CEEs
3.1.1. Annual Variations in Compound Events
3.1.2. Spatial Distribution of Compound Events
3.2. Projections of Compound Weather Extreme Events
3.2.1. Annual Variations in Compound Events
3.2.2. Spatial Distribution of Compound Events
4. Discussion
4.1. Influence Factor for the Warmer and Wetter Trend in the NWC
4.2. Driving Mechanism for HE-D Events
4.3. Driving Mechanism of HE-HP Events
4.4. Limitations and Outlooks
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | CMIP6 Model Name | Country | Atmospheric Resolution (Lon × Lat in Deg) | Variant Label |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ACCESS-CM2 | Australia | 1.9° × 1.3° | r1i1p1f1 |
2 | AWI-CM-1-1-MR | Germany | 0.9° × 0.9° | r1i1p1f1 |
3 | BCC-CSM2-MR | China | 1.1° × 1.1° | r1i1p1f1 |
4 | CNRM-CM6-1 | France | 1.4° × 1.4° | r1i1p1f2 |
5 | CNRM-ESM2-1 | France | 1.4° × 1.4° | r1i1p1f2 |
6 | EC-Earth3-Veg-LR | Europe | 1.1° × 1.1° | r1i1p1f1 |
7 | GFDL-ESM4 | USA | 1.3° × 1° | r1i1p1f1 |
8 | INM-CM4-8 | Russia | 2° × 1.5° | r1i1p1f1 |
9 | INM-CM5-0 | Russia | 2° × 1.5° | r1i1p1f1 |
10 | MPI-ESM1-2-LR | Germany | 1.9° × 1.9° | r1i1p1f1 |
11 | NorESM2-LM | Norway | 2.5° × 1.9° | r1i1p1f1 |
Atmospheric Circulation Index | R2 | |
---|---|---|
Temperature | Precipitation | |
North Atlantic Subtropical High Intensity Index (NAS) | 0.74 ** | 0.72 ** |
North American-North Atlantic Subtropical High Intensity Index (NANA) | 0.71 ** | 0.86 ** |
Northern Hemisphere Polar Vortex Area Index (NHA) | 0.71 ** | 0.74 ** |
Northern Hemisphere Polar Vortex Intensity Index (NH) | 0.76 ** | 0.68 ** |
Eastern Pacific Subtropical High Area Index (ESA) | 0.64 ** | 0.94 ** |
Eastern Pacific Subtropical High Intensity Index (ES) | 0.61 ** | 0.94 ** |
North American Subtropical High Intensity Index (NAM) | 0.65 ** | 0.91 ** |
Pacific Subtropical High Intensity Index (PS) | 0.64 ** | 0.93 ** |
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Niu, H.; Sun, W.; Huai, B.; Wang, Y.; Chen, R.; Han, C.; Wang, Y.; Zhou, J.; Wang, L. Causes of Increased Compound Temperature and Precipitation Extreme Events in the Arid Region of Northwest China from 1961 to 2100. Remote Sens. 2024, 16, 3111. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173111
Niu H, Sun W, Huai B, Wang Y, Chen R, Han C, Wang Y, Zhou J, Wang L. Causes of Increased Compound Temperature and Precipitation Extreme Events in the Arid Region of Northwest China from 1961 to 2100. Remote Sensing. 2024; 16(17):3111. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173111
Chicago/Turabian StyleNiu, Huihui, Weijun Sun, Baojuan Huai, Yuzhe Wang, Rensheng Chen, Chuntan Han, Yingshan Wang, Jiaying Zhou, and Lei Wang. 2024. "Causes of Increased Compound Temperature and Precipitation Extreme Events in the Arid Region of Northwest China from 1961 to 2100" Remote Sensing 16, no. 17: 3111. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173111