Remote Sensing, Volume 17, Issue 21

The identification of strategies to mitigate climate change and address urban challenges is nowadays a priority for urban planners. The installation of green roofs (GR), as a natural-based solution, is widely promoted. Despite this recognition, most...

Remote sensing of tidal flats and their dynamic changes is essential for understanding and conserving intertidal ecosystems. As a highly dynamic land cover type influenced by tidal variations, tidal flats present challenges for consistent long-term m...

Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) plays a vital role in the high-resolution imaging of marine targets, particularly under non-cooperative scenarios. However, resolution degradation due to limited observation angles and marine clutter such as wa...

Maize (Zea mays L.) silage’s forage quality significantly impacts dairy animal performance and the profitability of the livestock industry. Recently, using uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with advanced sensors has become a research fro...

Remote sensing image super-resolution (SR) plays a crucial role in enhancing the quality and resolution of satellite and aerial imagery, which is essential for various applications, including environmental monitoring and urban planning. While recent...

Methane emissions from coal mines, especially surface operations, are spatially diffuse, presenting significant challenges for accurate quantification. Satellites such as TROPOMI, GHGSat, PRISMA, GaoFen-5, and GOSAT have been extensively used for det...

In semiarid, fragmented landscapes where data scarcity challenges effective land management, accurate soil moisture monitoring is critical. This study presents a high-resolution analysis that integrates remote sensing, in situ data, and machine learn...

Detection of planted tree seedlings at the individual level is crucial for monitoring forest ecosystems and supporting silvicultural management. The combination of deep learning (DL) object detection algorithms and remote sensing (RS) data from unman...

In the semi-desert aeolian sand areas of Northern China, surface deformation monitoring with SAR is challenged by loss of coherence due to mobile dunes, seasonal vegetation changes, and large-gradient, nonlinear subsidence from underground mining. Th...

Drought represents one of the most critical environmental hazards in arid and semi-arid regions, exerting profound impacts on ecological security and sustainable development. Nevertheless, many existing drought indices exhibit delayed responses to pr...

This study evaluates the applicability of Sentinel-1 Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) data from the Ground Motion Service Germany (BBD) for monitoring dams by comparing it with terrestrial measurements at dams of the Ruhrverband in North Rhi...

Labeling ice cracks in Antarctic near-shore sea ice aerial orthophotos is critical for sea ice cargo route development; rapid, accurate identification and labeling of cracks in UAV imagery aids safe goods transfer between icebreakers and expedition s...

Island building change detection is a critical technology for environmental monitoring, disaster early warning, and urban planning, playing a key role in dynamic resource management and sustainable development of islands. However, the imbalanced dist...

The Amazon wetlands are the largest and most diverse freshwater ecosystem globally, characterized by various flooded vegetation and the Amazon River’s estuary. This critical ecosystem is vulnerable to land use changes, dam construction, mining,...

Visible cameras are widely adopted low-cost instruments for volcano monitoring. Images can be used to characterize volcanic activity of variable intensity and style and to estimate key eruption source parameters that are essential for assessing volca...

Spectral mixing space characterization is especially important for studies of built environments because of the range of materials around which humans establish residence. With the launch of NASA’s EMIT imaging spectrometer in 2022, spectroscop...

Recent innovations in task-agnostic imagery featurization have lowered the computational costs of using machine learning to predict ground conditions from satellite imagery. These methods hold particular promise for the development of imagery-based m...

Accurate and detailed mapping of coastal wetlands is essential for effective wetland resource management. However, due to periodic tidal inundation, frequent cloud cover, and spectral similarity of land cover types, reliable coastal wetland classific...

Landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) is an effective means of assessing landslide risk and has been widely applied. However, current landslide susceptibility assessment studies have not fully considered the spatial heterogeneity characteristics bet...

The invasive expansion of Phragmites australis in coastal wetlands, including the Long Point wetland complex in Ontario, has led to significant declines in plant and wildlife diversity, impacting ecosystem functions. Despite ongoing management effort...

Infrared-visible image fusion and object detection are crucial components in remote sensing applications, each offering unique advantages. Recent research has increasingly sought to combine these tasks to enhance object detection performance. However...

This research, carried out within the framework of the European Space Agency’s second Scout mission (HydroGNSS), seeks to utilize CYGNSS Level 1B products over land for soil moisture estimation. The approach involves a novel physically based al...

Hyperspectral imagers on satellites obtain the fine spectral signatures that are essential in distinguishing one material from another but at the expense of a limited spatial resolution. Enhancing the latter is thus a desirable preprocessing step in...

Accurate quantification of carbon dioxide (CO₂) sources and sinks is becoming a key aspect in recent carbon flux research; yet our understanding of satellite performance on regional scales remains insufficient. In this work, the column-averaged dry-a...

Current research on net ecosystem productivity (NEP) still lacks sufficient attention to the impacts of extreme climate events, particularly in understanding the interactive response mechanisms of carbon sinks under extreme climate conditions. This s...

In recent years, remote sensing technologies have become indispensable for the documentation, analysis, and virtual preservation of historical, architectural, and archaeological heritage. Advances in 3D scanning have enabled the precise digital recor...

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a powerful tool for imaging shallow stratigraphic and structural features. This study shows that it is particularly effective also in detecting near-surface evidence of active faulting. In the Southern Apennines (Ita...

Understanding land surface fluxes is essential for sustaining dryland ecosystem functioning and services. However, the scarcity of in situ measurements poses a significant challenge to dryland monitoring. Satellite optical and thermal remote sensing...

To address the urgent need for safety maintenance of remote reclaimed islands, we propose a novel monitoring framework integrating PPP, leveling, and InSAR technologies to comprehensively capture slow surface deformations across point, line, and area...

The availability of reliable and spatially distributed rainfall data is a key element flood and landslide risk assessment, both for forecasting and post-event analysis. In this context, this study evaluates the contribution of radar-based rainfall es...

Cryosat-2 SARin altimetric FBR data facilitates an opportunity to investigate phase differences between inland water radar reflections at the two antennae. With the antennae positioned cross-track, SARin was designed for the recovery of slope over ic...

Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) can be applied for monitoring tropical cyclones (TCs), but co-polarized C-band SAR suffers from signal saturation such that it is improper for high wind-speed conditions. In contrast, cross-polarized SAR data...

Acquiring high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) over across extensive regions remains challenging due to high costs and insufficient detail, creating demand for super-resolution (SR) techniques. However, existing DEM SR methods still rely o...

This study, based on global AERONET observation data from 2023, employs a synergistic inversion algorithm that integrates aerosol optical, microphysical, and chemical properties to retrieve the global distribution of aerosol parameters. We find that...

Accurate, scalable mapping of coral reef habitats is essential for monitoring ecosystem health and detecting change over time. In this study, we introduce a novel mathematically based nonlinear spectral unmixing method for benthic habitat classificat...

Hyperspectral unmixing aims to extract pure spectral signatures (endmembers) and estimate their corresponding abundance fractions from mixed pixels, enabling quantitative analysis of surface material composition. However, in geological mineral explor...

Satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) using Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation satellite-2 (ICESat-2) LiDAR data and remote sensing images faces challenges in the difficulty of uniform coverage of the inversion area by the bathymetric control points due to...

Forest height is a key structural parameter for evaluating ecological functions, biodiversity, and carbon dynamics. While LiDAR and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) provide vertical structure information, their large-scale use is restricted by sparse s...

Quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) is one of the primary applications of weather radar. Over the last several decades, dual-polarization radars have significantly improved QPE accuracy by providing additional observational variables that off...

Operationalizing Earth Observation (EO)-based Machine Learning (ML) algorithms (or GeoML) for ingestion in environmental Digital Twins remains a challenging task due to the complexities associated with balancing real-time inference with cost, data, a...

Radiative transfer models (RTMs) are foundational to optical remote sensing for simulating vegetation and atmospheric properties. However, their significant computational cost, especially for 3D RTMs and large-scale applications, severely limits thei...

The monitoring of turbidity in estuarine environments is a challenging essential task for managing water quality and ecosystem health. This study focuses on the lower reaches of the River Mersey, Liverpool. Harmonized Sentinel-2 MSI Level-2A imagery...

The concentrations of atmospheric particulate matter (PM₁₀ and PM_2.5) significantly impact global environment, human health, and climate change. This study developed a particulate matter concentration retrieval method based on multi-source data, prop...

Multi-angular remote sensing plays a critical role in the study domains of ecological monitoring, climate change, and energy balance. The successful retrieval of the surface Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) and albedo from multi...

The ODYSEA (Ocean DYnamics and Surface Exchange with the Atmosphere) mission will provide simultaneous two-dimensional measurements of currents and winds for the first time. According to the ODYSEA radar concept, with a high incidence angle, current...

LuTan-1 (LT-1) is China’s first L-band differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar system, comprising two multi-polarization SAR satellites, LT-1A and LT-1B. The satellite uses differential deformation measurement and interferometric...

Accurate satellite-based precipitation estimates are crucial for climate studies and water resource management, particularly in regions with sparse meteorological station coverage. This study evaluates the improvements of the Integrated Multi-satelli...

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) three-dimensional (3D) imaging has considerable potential in disaster monitoring and topographic mapping. Conventional 3D SAR imaging techniques for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) formations require rigorously regulated...

Seagrass meadows are vital for biodiversity and provide a plethora of ecosystem services, but significant losses due to human activity and climate change have been observed in recent decades. This study aims to evaluate whether the integration of Sen...

We present two case studies of tropospheric aerosol transport observed over the high-altitude Helmos observatory (1800–2300 m a.s.l.) in Greece during September 2021. Two cases were linked to Saharan dust intrusions, of which one was additional...