Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Normolipidemic Subjects and Patients with Mild to Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia: Effects of Test Meals Containing Saturated Fatty Acids, Mono-Unsaturated Fatty Acids, or Medium-Chain Fatty Acids

Folwaczny, Alexander; Waldmann, Elisa; Altenhofer, Julia; Henze, Kerstin; Parhofer, Klaus G.

doi:10.3390/nu13051737

Open AccessArticle

Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Normolipidemic Subjects and Patients with Mild to Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia: Effects of Test Meals Containing Saturated Fatty Acids, Mono-Unsaturated Fatty Acids, or Medium-Chain Fatty Acids

by

Alexander Folwaczny

^†,

Elisa Waldmann

^†,

Julia Altenhofer

,

Kerstin Henze

and

Klaus G. Parhofer

^*

Department of Internal Medicine 4, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

Both authors have equally contributed to the manuscript (shared first authorship).

Nutrients 2021, 13(5), 1737; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051737

Submission received: 26 April 2021 / Revised: 12 May 2021 / Accepted: 17 May 2021 / Published: 20 May 2021

(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Metabolism)

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Abstract

Fasting and postprandial hypertriglyceridemia are causal risk factors for atherosclerosis. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia is approximately 25–30% and most hypertriglyceridemic patients suffer from mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia. Data regarding dietary interventions on postprandial triglyceride metabolism of mildly to moderately hypertriglyceridemic patients is, however, sparse. In a randomized controlled trial, eight mildly hypertriglyceridemic patients and five healthy, normolipidemic controls received three separate standardized fat-meals containing either saturated fatty acids (SFA), mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), or medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) in a randomized order. Fasting and postprandial lipid parameters were determined over a 10 h period and the (incremental) area under the curve (AUC/iAUC) for plasma triglycerides and other parameters were determined. MCFA do not lead to a significant elevation of postprandial total plasma triglycerides and other triglyceride parameters, while both SFA (patients: p = 0.003, controls: p = 0.03 compared to MCFA) and MUFA (patients: p = 0.001; controls: p = 0.14 compared to MCFA) do lead to such an increase. Patients experienced a significantly more pronounced increase of plasma triglycerides than controls (SFA: patients iAUC = 1006 mg*h/dL, controls iAUC = 247 mg*h/dL, p = 0.02; MUFA: patients iAUC = 962 mg*h/dL, controls iAUC = 248 mg*h/dL, p = 0.05). Replacing SFA with MCFA may be a treatment option for mildly to moderately hypertriglyceridemic patients as it prevents postprandial hypertriglyceridemia.

Keywords: medium chain triglycerides; fatty acids; hyperlipidemia; MCT; hypertriglyceridemia

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MDPI and ACS Style

Folwaczny, A.; Waldmann, E.; Altenhofer, J.; Henze, K.; Parhofer, K.G. Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Normolipidemic Subjects and Patients with Mild to Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia: Effects of Test Meals Containing Saturated Fatty Acids, Mono-Unsaturated Fatty Acids, or Medium-Chain Fatty Acids. Nutrients 2021, 13, 1737. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051737

AMA Style

Folwaczny A, Waldmann E, Altenhofer J, Henze K, Parhofer KG. Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Normolipidemic Subjects and Patients with Mild to Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia: Effects of Test Meals Containing Saturated Fatty Acids, Mono-Unsaturated Fatty Acids, or Medium-Chain Fatty Acids. Nutrients. 2021; 13(5):1737. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051737

Chicago/Turabian Style

Folwaczny, Alexander, Elisa Waldmann, Julia Altenhofer, Kerstin Henze, and Klaus G. Parhofer. 2021. "Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Normolipidemic Subjects and Patients with Mild to Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia: Effects of Test Meals Containing Saturated Fatty Acids, Mono-Unsaturated Fatty Acids, or Medium-Chain Fatty Acids" Nutrients 13, no. 5: 1737. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051737

APA Style

Folwaczny, A., Waldmann, E., Altenhofer, J., Henze, K., & Parhofer, K. G. (2021). Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Normolipidemic Subjects and Patients with Mild to Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia: Effects of Test Meals Containing Saturated Fatty Acids, Mono-Unsaturated Fatty Acids, or Medium-Chain Fatty Acids. Nutrients, 13(5), 1737. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051737

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Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Normolipidemic Subjects and Patients with Mild to Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia: Effects of Test Meals Containing Saturated Fatty Acids, Mono-Unsaturated Fatty Acids, or Medium-Chain Fatty Acids

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