Targeting Programmed Fusobacterium nucleatum Fap2 for Colorectal Cancer Therapy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. F. nucleatum Mediate CRC and Inhibits Host Immune Response
3. Fap2 in F. nucleatum Mediates CRC through Host Gal-GalNAc
4. Bacteria-Mediated Cancer Treatment: Alternative to Surgery
5. Programmed Bacteria
6. Mechanism of Tumoricidal Properties of Programmed Bacteria
7. Targeting Programmed F. nucleatum Fap2 for Colorectal Cancer
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Tested | Total Number of Clinical Samples | Detection Method | Positive Percentage | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
FFPE tissue | 6 | 16S rRNA | 32 | [32] |
FFPE tissue | 6 | 16S rRNA | 100 | [33] |
FFPE tissue | 8 | 16S rRNA | 100 | [34] |
Feces | 14 | qPCR | 57 | [35] |
FFPE tissue | 31 | 16S rRNA | 10 | [36] |
FFPE tissue | 37 | 16S rRNA | 9 | [37] |
FFPE tissue | 44 | 16S rRNA | 100 | [38] |
FFPE tissue | 46 | 16S rRNA | 100 | [39] |
FFPE tissue | 46 | 16S rRNA | 54 | [40] |
FFPE tissue | 47 | 16S rRNA | 32 | [41] |
FFPE tissue | 52 | 16S rRNA | 77 | [42] |
Feces | 72 | qPCR | 64 | [43] |
FFPE tissue | 97 | 16S rRNA | 72 | [14] |
Frozen tissue and FFPE tissue | 101 | FISH and FQ-PCR | 87 | [44] |
Genomic DNA | 149 | qPCR | 74 | [45] |
Feces | 158 | ddPCR | 54 | [46] |
FFPE tissue | 309 | qPCR | 34 | [47] |
FFPE tissue | 511 | qPCR | 9 | [48] |
FFPE tissue | 504 | qPCR | 56 | [49] |
FFPE tissue | 598 | qPCR | 13 | [26] |
Bacterial Species | Agent(s) | Host | Origin of the Tumor | Tumor(s) | Effector(s) | Results | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S. typhimurium | Bacterial antigen S. typhimurium secreting L. monocytogenes Iap217–225 (Lm-p60) | BALB/c | Bones | WEHI-164 (Fibrosarcoma) cells expressing Lm-p60 | CD8+ cell-mediated | Antigen-specific tumor inhibition | [112] |
S. typhimurium | Bacterial toxin S. typhimurium secreting HlyE | BALB/c | Breast | CT-26, 4T1 | Not reported | Reduction in tumor mass | [113,114] |
S. typhimurium | Birc5 (Survivin) | C57BL/6 | Lungs | D121 | CD8+ cell-mediated | Suppression of angiogenesis and pulmonary metastasized tumors | [117] |
S. typhimurium | BIRC5 shRNA NDUFA13 (GRIM-19) | Nude Mice | Larynx, prostate | Hep-2 (Laryngeal cancer) DU145 (PC-Xenograft) | Apoptosis | Tumor growth reduced | [119,120] |
S. typhimurium | BIRC5 shRNA TNFSF15 (VEGI) | Nude mice | Breast | MDA-MB-231 (BC-Xenograft) | Apoptosis | Tumor growth reduced | [121] |
S. typhimurium | ccl21 | BALB/C | Breast | D2F2, CT-26 | CD4+ and CD8+ cell mediated | Tumor-limited inflammatory reaction with a substantial reduction in tumor burden | [115] |
S. typhimurium | CTAG1B (NY-ESO-1) | BALB/c | Skin | CMS5 cells expressing human NY-ESO-1 | CD8+ cell-mediated | NY-ESO-1-positive tumors are eliminated | [122] |
S. typhimurium | Cytokine ccl21 | C57BL/6 | Lungs | D121 (LC-Syngeneic) | CD8+ cell mediated | Suppression of angiogenesis and growth of pulmonary metastasized tumors | [117] |
S. typhimurium | Death inducer S. typhimurium secreting murine Fasl | BALB/c | Breast, colon | CT-26 D2F2 (BC-Syngeneic) | Neutrophils | Reduction in tumor mass | [123] |
S. typhimurium | Diablo/Trail | BALB/c C57BL/6 | Liver, spleen, kidney | 4T1 LL/2 (LC-Syngeneic) B16F10 (Melanoma) | Apoptosis | Tumor growth inhibition with prolonged survival | [124] |
E. coli | E. coli expressing LLO | C57BL/6 | Blood | MBL2 (Leukemia-Syngeneic) TRAMP-C (PC-Syngeneic) | CD8+ cell-mediated | Reduction in tumor mass | [125] |
S. typhimurium | Growth inhibitor(s) Bcl2 shRNA | C57BL/6 | Liver, spleen, skin | B16F10 | Apoptosis | Survival time of tumor-bearing mice Prolonged Complete tumor regression not observed | [126] |
S. typhimurium | HPV E6 shRNA TP53 | Nude mice | Cervix | SiHa | Apoptosis | Tumor growth reduced | [127] |
S. typhimurium | IL 18 | C57BL/6 | Skin | B16F1A (Melanoma) | Not reported | Increased survival time | [118] |
BALB/C | Skin, colon | D2F2, CT-26 | Granulocyte, NK, CD4+, CD8+ cell mediated | Reduced tumor growth and pulmonary metastases | [111] | ||
S. typhimurium | IL2 | C57BL/6 | Liver | MCA-38 (Adenocarcinoma Syngeneic) | NK cells | Hepatic metastases reduced | [116] |
BALB/C | Bone, lungs | K7M2 (Osteosarcoma –Syngeneic) | NK cells | Pulmonary metastases reduced compared to saline control | [128] | ||
S. typhimurium | IL4 | C57BL/6 | Skin | B16F1A (Melanoma) | Not reported | Increased survival time | [118] |
MDM2 shRNA TP53-Cisplatin | Nude Mice | Prostate | PC3 | Apoptosis | Tumor growth reduced | [129] | |
S. typhimurium | S. typhimurium secreting murine Trail | BALB/c | Breast | 4T1 | Apoptosis | Tumor growth reduced | [130] |
S. typhimurium | S. typhimurium secreting Stx2 | Nude Mice | Skin, colon | B16, HCT116, HeLa | Necrosis | Reduction in tumor mass | [131] |
S. typhimurium | Stat3 shRNA | C57BL/6 | Bone | H22 | Apoptosis and CD8+ cell mediated | Tumor growth reduced | [132] |
S. typhimurium | Stat3 shRNA Col18A1Endo | C57BL/6 | Prostate | RM1 | Apoptosis | Tumor growth reduced | [133,134] |
S. typhimurium | Target antigen KLK3 (PSA) | DBA/2 | Prostate | P815 cells expressing human PSA | CD8+ cell-mediated | Direct i.m. DNA vaccination was better than Serovar typhimurium-delivered immunogen | [135] |
S. typhimurium | Tnfsf14 (LIGHT) | BALB/C | Breast | D2F2, CT-26 | NK, CD4+, CD8+ cell- mediated | Primary and metastatic tumor growth inhibited | [136] |
S. typhimurium | Vegfr2 (Kdr or Flk1) full-length Protein | BALB/c C57BL/6 | Skin | CT-26 B16G3.26 (Melanoma) D121 MC-38 (CRC-Syngeneic) | CD8+ cell-mediated | Microvessel destruction retarded tumor growth and metastases. Healing of skin wounds slightly delayed. Immunological memory persisted at 120 days post-immunization | [137] |
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Ganesan, K.; Guo, S.; Fayyaz, S.; Zhang, G.; Xu, B. Targeting Programmed Fusobacterium nucleatum Fap2 for Colorectal Cancer Therapy. Cancers 2019, 11, 1592. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11101592
Ganesan K, Guo S, Fayyaz S, Zhang G, Xu B. Targeting Programmed Fusobacterium nucleatum Fap2 for Colorectal Cancer Therapy. Cancers. 2019; 11(10):1592. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11101592
Chicago/Turabian StyleGanesan, Kumar, Songhe Guo, Sundaz Fayyaz, Ge Zhang, and Baojun Xu. 2019. "Targeting Programmed Fusobacterium nucleatum Fap2 for Colorectal Cancer Therapy" Cancers 11, no. 10: 1592. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11101592