Autocrine Signaling of NRP1 Ligand Galectin-1 Elicits Resistance to BRAF-Targeted Therapy in Melanoma Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. The Soluble NRP1-Ligand Galectin-1 Is Upregulated in Melanoma Cells Resistant to Targeted Therapy
2.2. Galectin-1 Is a Novel Driver of Resistance to BRAF-Targeted Therapy in Melanoma
2.3. Galectin-1 Promotes NRP1 and EGFR Upregulation in Drug-Resistant Melanoma Cells
2.4. Gal-1 and NRP1 Inhibitory Drugs Cooperate to Promote Melanoma Cell Resensitization to BRAF-Targeted Therapy
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Human Cell Lines
4.2. Analysis of Galectin-1 mRNA Expression in Tumor Samples
4.3. Antibodies and Other Reagents
4.4. Establishment of Acquired Cancer Cell Resistance to Oncogene-Targeted Inhibitors
4.5. Transient Cell Transfection with cDNA and siRNA
4.6. RNA Isolation and Real-Time PCR
4.7. Cell Viability Assays
4.8. Conditioned Media Analysis by ELISA
4.9. Western Blotting Analysis
4.10. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Rizzolio, S.; Corso, S.; Giordano, S.; Tamagnone, L. Autocrine Signaling of NRP1 Ligand Galectin-1 Elicits Resistance to BRAF-Targeted Therapy in Melanoma Cells. Cancers 2020, 12, 2218. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12082218
Rizzolio S, Corso S, Giordano S, Tamagnone L. Autocrine Signaling of NRP1 Ligand Galectin-1 Elicits Resistance to BRAF-Targeted Therapy in Melanoma Cells. Cancers. 2020; 12(8):2218. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12082218
Chicago/Turabian StyleRizzolio, Sabrina, Simona Corso, Silvia Giordano, and Luca Tamagnone. 2020. "Autocrine Signaling of NRP1 Ligand Galectin-1 Elicits Resistance to BRAF-Targeted Therapy in Melanoma Cells" Cancers 12, no. 8: 2218. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12082218