An Overview on Radiation Sensitivity in Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome
BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes
2. Ionizing Radiation
3. Ionizing Radiation and BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations
3.1. Diagnostic Doses
Authors | Year | Sample Size (n) | Gene | Exposure Type | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Narold et al. [41] | 2006 | 3200 (1600 carriers with breast cancer and 1600 healthy carriers) | BRCA1 and BRCA2 | Mammography | No association was found between having a mammogram and breast cancer risk |
Goldfrank et al. [42] | 2006 | 213 carriers | BRCA1 and BRCA2 | Mammography | No association was found between mammogram exposure and breast cancer risk |
John et al. [43] | 2013 | 727 (454 BRCA1 and 273 BRCA2 mutation carriers aged <50 years) | BRCA1 and BRCA2 | Chest x-rays | No association was found between diagnostic chest x-rays and breast cancer risk before age 50 years |
Giannakeas et al. [44] | 2014 | 2346 (1844 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 502 BRCA2 mutation carriers) | BRCA1 and BRCA2 | Mammography | No significant association was found between prior mammography exposure and breast cancer risk for BRCA1 or BRCA2 carriers |
Andrieu et al. [45] | 2006 | 1601 carriers (1187 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 414 BRCA2 mutation carriers) | BRCA1 and BRCA2 | Chest x-rays | A positive association was found between diagnostic chest x-rays and breast cancer risk. In addition, the risk was increased in women aged 40 years and younger |
Lecarpentier et al. [46] | 2011 | 990 (379 affected by breast cancer and 611 unaffected) | BRCA1 and BRCA2 | Chest x-rays | An association was found between exposure to chest x-rays and the risk of breast cancer. A positive association was found between smoking and cancer risk |
Pijpe et al. [47] | 2012 | 1993 carriers | BRCA1 and BRCA2 | <0.0020 Gy, ≥0.0020–0.0065 Gy, ≥0.0066–0.0173 Gy, and ≥0.0174 Gy | A positive association was found between diagnostic chest x-rays before the age of 30 and breast cancer risk |
Baert et al. [48] | 2016 | 36 (18 carriers of BRCA1 mutations and 18 non-carriers) | BRCA1 | 2 and 4 Gy | Healthy individuals with a BRCA1 mutation show a significantly increased radiosensitivity compared with healthy controls |
Baert et al. [49] | 2017 | 35 (18 carriers of mutations in BRCA2 gene and 17 non-carriers) | BRCA2 | 2 Gy | An increased radiosensitivity was found in BRCA2 mutation carriers compared to non-carriers |
3.2. Therapeutic Doses
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Authors | Year | Sample Size (n) | Gene | Dose | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Broeks et al. [50] | 2007 | 247 (169 treated with radiotherapy and 78 not treated) | BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK and ATM | 30.5–76 Gy | The risk of developing contralateral breast cancer after radiotherapy was higher for individuals carrying mutations in genes involved in DNA damage repair pathways. |
Pierce et al. [51] | 2010 | 655 carriers | BRCA1 and BRCA2 | Not disclosed | The risk of developing contralateral breast cancer was higher for individuals undergoing BCS compared to individuals undergoing mastectomy. The risk in individuals undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy was not statistically significant. |
Metcalfe et al. [52] | 2011 | 810 carriers | BRCA1 and BRCA2 | Not disclosed | The risk of developing contralateral breast cancer decreased with age at diagnosis, increasing with the number of first-degree relatives with the same diagnosis. |
Bernstein et al. [53] | 2013 | 1802 (603 with contralateral breast cancer and 1199 with unilateral breast cancer) | BRCA1 and BRCA2 | 1.1 Gy (range = 0.02–6.2 Gy) | The risk of developing contralateral breast cancer in carriers was four times greater, however, carriers undergoing radiation therapy for primary breast cancer did not have a significantly higher relative risk of contralateral breast cancer. |
Schlosser et al. [54] | 2020 | 230 carriers | BRCA1 and BRCA2 | 50 Gy (25 fractions, 2Gy per fraction (fx)) or 42.4 Gy for patients treated after 2010 (16 fractions, 2.65 Gy/fx) or 50.4 Gy for reconstructed or augmented breasts (28 fractions, 1.8 Gy/fx) or 45 Gy in 1.8 Gy/fx | Women with the mutation undergoing radiation therapy for breast cancer did not have a statistically significant risk of a second primary malignancy induced by exposure to ionizing radiation. |
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Gonçalves, D.; Pires, A.S.; Marques, I.A.; Gomes, I.; Sousa, G.; Botelho, M.F.; Abrantes, A.M. An Overview on Radiation Sensitivity in Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome. Cancers 2022, 14, 3254. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14133254
Gonçalves D, Pires AS, Marques IA, Gomes I, Sousa G, Botelho MF, Abrantes AM. An Overview on Radiation Sensitivity in Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome. Cancers. 2022; 14(13):3254. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14133254
Chicago/Turabian StyleGonçalves, Diana, Ana Salomé Pires, Inês A. Marques, Inês Gomes, Gabriela Sousa, Maria Filomena Botelho, and Ana Margarida Abrantes. 2022. "An Overview on Radiation Sensitivity in Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome" Cancers 14, no. 13: 3254. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14133254