Antispasmodic Agents in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Urinary Bladder—A Narrative Review
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Buscolysin Overview
2.1. Diagnostic Usage
2.2. Contraindications and Caution
2.3. Adverse Effects
2.4. Caution during Pregnancy
3. Glucagon Overview
3.1. Diagnostic Usage
3.2. Contraindications and Caution
3.3. Side Effects
3.4. Caution during Pregnancy
4. Literature Review on Spasmolytic Use in Pelvic MRI
Authors | Assessed Organs | Substance | Sample and Methods | Results | Limitations |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
W. Johnson et al. [2] | Pelvic organs: bladder, rectum, pelvic bowel, prostate, seminal vesicles, uterus, ovaries cervix, vagina | 20 mg i.v. buscolysin | 47 patients, prospective study, paired test, 3 blinded radiologists scored overall image quality, visualization of pelvic lesions and individual pelvic organs | Scores for image quality, lesion visualization and visualization of the bladder, rectum, pelvic bowel, prostate, and seminal vesicles (all p < 0.0005), cervix (p < 0.019), and vagina (p < 0.0001) were significantly higher on the post-buscolysin administration imaging series (p < 0.0005). | The accuracy of the MRI assessments could not be correlated with the surgical or pathological findings due to the type of examined patients. |
A. Taylor et al. [13] | Rectum | 20 mg i.v. buscolysin | 74 patients, retrospective cohort study | No statistically significant difference in overall accuracy of MRI rectal cancer staging between patients who received hyoscine butylbromide and groups who did not. No improvement in the accuracy of N-staging. The accuracy of T2 and T3 staged rectal cancers was more likely to be correct (compared with T1 cancers) with the administration of hyoscine butylbromide. | Retrospective design. |
M. Wagner et al. [37] | Prostate | 40 mg i.v. buscolysin, 40 mg i.m. buscolysin or none | 82 patients, unpaired, retrospective, two blinded radiologists scored the visualization of the prostate capsule, central gland, and interface between the peripheral and central gland, delineation of the bowel wall, depiction of the neurovascular bundle, overall image quality | Delineation of the bowel wall on PD images was improved by both intramuscular and intravenous administration of butylscopolamine (ø–group: 3.6 0.7; i.m.–group: 2.9 0.7; i.v.–group: 2.9 0.7; p < 0.001). Overall image quality, quantitative evaluation of motion artefacts within the endorectal coil and ratings for depiction of different structures revealed no significant differences between the three groups. | Retrospective design: the patients underwent prostate MRI in the routine clinical setting without a strict protocol for butylscopolamine administration. The choice between intravenous and intramuscular injection was left to the radiologist performing the examination, without randomization. |
K. M. Sundaram et al. [38] | Prostate | 1 mg i.m. glucagon | 120 patients, retrospective, three blinded radiologists assessed overall image quality, anatomic delineation (prostate capsule, rectum, and lymph nodes), and identification of benign prostatic hyperplasia nodules. | Administration of glucagon did not improve T2-weighted image quality in prostate MRI examinations and showed similar PI-RADS scores and biopsy yields compared with examinations without glucagon. | Retrospective design. |
T. Ullrich et al. [39] | Prostate | 40 mg i.v. buscolysin | 103 patients; prospective, paired study | Hyoscine butylbromide significantly improved image quality and reduced motion-related artifacts in mpMRI of the prostate independent of bodyweight or prostate volume (p < 0.001). No side effects were reported. | The study was focused on the effect of buscolysin on T2-weighted imaging. Assessed image quality without investigating differences and relevance for cancer detection rates. |
R. A. Slough et al. [40] | Prostate | 20 mg i.v. buscolysin | 173 patients, retrospective. Two blinded radiologists scored the image quality of T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and apparent diffusion coefficient maps (ADC). DWI was further assessed for distortion and artefacts, and T2WI for the presence of motion artefacts or blurring. Dynamic contrast-enhanced image quality was assessed by recording the number of corrupt contrast curve data points | Administration of buscolysin significantly improved the image quality of T2-weighted images (p < 0.001). There was no significant improvement in DWI or ADC image quality, or DWI degree of distortion or artifact. | Retrospective design. |
M. Sheikh-Sarraf et al. [41] | Female pelvic organs | 1 mg i.v. glucagon | Prospective study performed in two centers. Two blinded radiologists scored the degradation in image quality caused by motion artifacts after the injection of glucagon. | The use of glucagon was associated with decreased MRI artifacts (before glucagon: median 3, range 3–4; after glucagon: median 2.5, range 1–4; p = 0.002) | Relatively small sample size. Although the p-value obtained in the study was significant, the strength of the effect was not large—a median of 3 vs. 2.5. The figure comparing images before and after glucagon administration was cherry-picked. |
I. A. Ciggaar et al. [44] | Female pelvic organs | 50 mg i.v. buscolysin | 95 patients, retrospective, image quality was reviewed by visual assessment of delineation of pelvic structures (uterus, adnexa, bladder, rectum, sigmoid, uterosacral ligaments, round ligaments, small bowel) and by the presence of rectal wall edema. | Butylscopolamine provided better delineation of the small bowel and rectosigmoid compared to bisacodyl and no medication. | Retrospective design. |
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
7. Future Directions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Makboul, M.; Farghaly, S.; Abdelkawi, I.F. Multiparametric MRI in differentiation between muscle invasive and non-muscle invasive urinary bladder cancer with vesical imaging reporting and data system (VI-RADS) application. Br. J. Radiol. 2019, 92, 20190401. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Johnson, W.; Taylor, M.; Carrington, B.; Bonington, S.; Swindell, R. The value of hyoscine butylbromide in pelvic MRI. Clin. Radiol. 2007, 62, 1087–1093. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Juri, H.; Narumi, Y.; Panebianco, V.; Osuga, K. Staging of bladder cancer with multiparametric MRI. Br. J. Radiol. 2020, 93, 20200116. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, X.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, L.; Wang, S.; Shou, J.; Chen, Y.; Zhao, X. MRI evaluation of vesical imaging reporting and data system for bladder cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer Imaging 2024, 24, 49. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Panebianco, V.; Narumi, Y.; Altun, E.; Bochner, B.H.; Efstathiou, J.A.; Hafeez, S.; Huddart, R.; Kennish, S.; Lerner, S.; Montironi, R.; et al. Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Bladder Cancer: Development of VI-RADS (Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System). Eur. Urol. 2018, 74, 294–306. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Martí-Bonmatí, L.; Graells, M.; Ronchera-oms, C.L. Reduction of peristaltic artifacts on magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen: A comparative evaluation of three drugs. Abdom. Imaging 1996, 21, 309–313. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rafat Zand, K.; Md, C.; Haider, M.; Nakai, A.; Rohoman, L.; Maheshwari, S. Altifacts and pitfalls in MR Imaging of the pelvis. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007, 26, 480–497. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hong, S.B.; Lee, N.K.; Kim, S.; Son, I.W.; Ha, H.K.; Ku, J.Y.; Kim, K.H.; Park, W.Y. Vesical Imaging—Reporting and Data System for Multiparametric MRI to Predict the Presence of Muscle Invasion for Bladder Cancer. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020, 52, 1249–1256. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Corsetti, M.; Forestier, S.; Jiménez, M. Hyoscine butylbromide mode of action on bowel motility: From pharmacology to clinical practice. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. 2022, 35, e14451. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pharmindex. Buscolysin Roztw. Do Wstrz. (20 mg/mL). 2024. Available online: https://pharmindex.pl/lek/buscolysin-roztw-do-wstrz-20-mg-ml,793.html (accessed on 4 July 2024).
- EMC. Buscopan Ampoules—Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC). Online: 14 June 2024. Available online: https://medicines.org.uk/emc/product/890/smpc#gref (accessed on 4 July 2024).
- Tytgat, G.N. Hyoscine Butylbromide: A Review of its Use in the Treatment of Abdominal Cramping and Pain. Drugs 2007, 67, 1343–1357. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Taylor, A.; Wilkins, S.; Gelber, N.; Wang, W.C.; Oliva, K.; Yap, R.; McMurrick, P.; Ranchod, P. The effect of anti-spasmodic administration on the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging staging of rectal cancer. ANZ J. Surg. 2023, 93, 1613–1619. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Bilreiro, C.; Fernandes, F.F.; Andrade, L.; Chavarrías, C.; Simões, R.V.; Matos, C.; Shemesh, N. Effective bowel motion reduction in mouse abdominal MRI using hyoscine butylbromide. Magn. Reson. Med. 2021, 86, 2146–2155. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- DrugBank. Butylscopolamine. 2024. Available online: https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB09300 (accessed on 4 July 2024).
- Herxheimer, A.; de Groot, A. Some effects of injected hyoscine butylbromide: A versatile class experiment in human pharmacology. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1977, 4, 337–342. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yang, T.C.; Chen, P.H.; Hou, M.C.; Peng, L.N.; Lin, M.H.; Chen, L.K.; Huang, Y.H. Antiperistaltic effect and safety of l-menthol for esophagogastroduodenoscopy in the elderly with contraindication to hyoscine-N-butylbromide. Sci. Rep. 2022, 12, 10418. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Langan, R.C. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Prim. Care Clin. Off. Pract. 2019, 46, 223–232. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- González-Mendiola, R.; Sánchez Fernández, C.; Prieto Montaño, P.; Cuevas, M.; Ceña Delgado, M.; Sánchez Cano, M. Acute urticaria induced by hyoscine butylbromide. Allergy 2004, 59, 787–788. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Treweeke, P.; Barrett, N.K. Allergic reaction to Buscopan. Br. J. Radiol. 1987, 60, 417. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ikegaya, H.; Saka, K.; Sakurada, K.; Nakamura, M.; Yoshida, K.i. A case of sudden death after intramuscular injection of butylscopolamine bromide. Leg. Med. 2006, 8, 194–197. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mueller-Lissner, S.; Tytgat, G.N.; Paulo, L.G.; Quigley, E.M.M.; Bubeck, J.; Peil, H.; Schaefer, E. Placebo- and paracetamol-controlled study on the efficacy and tolerability of hyoscine butylbromide in the treatment of patients with recurrent crampy abdominal pain. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2006, 23, 1741–1748. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zheng, L.; Yang, J.; Song, C. Risks in the clinical applications of scopolamine butylbromide injections. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2018, 56, 189–196. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- E Lactancia. Buscopan. 2024. Available online: https://www.e-lactancia.org/breastfeeding/buscopan/tradename/ (accessed on 4 July 2024).
- Fasth, S.; Hultén, L. The Effect of Glucagon on Intestinal Motility and Blood Flow. Acta Physiol. Scand. 1971, 83, 169–173. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Pharmindex. GlucaGen® 1 mg HypoKit®. 2024. Available online: https://pharmindex.pl/lek/glucagen-1-mg-hypokit-proszek-i-rozp-do-sporz-roztw-do-wstrz-1-mg,2101.html (accessed on 4 July 2024).
- DrugBank. Glucagon. 2024. Available online: https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00040 (accessed on 4 July 2024).
- Gutzeit, A.; Binkert, C.A.; Koh, D.M.; Hergan, K.; von Weymarn, C.; Graf, N.; Patak, M.A.; Roos, J.E.; Horstmann, M.; Kos, S.; et al. Evaluation of the anti-peristaltic effect of glucagon and hyoscine on the small bowel: Comparison of intravenous and intramuscular drug administration. Eur. Radiol. 2012, 22, 1186–1194. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Pacchioni, M.; Orena, C.; Panizza, P.; Cucchi, E.; Del Maschio, A.; Pontiroli, A.E. The hypotonic effect of intranasal and intravenous glucagon in gastrointestinal radiology. Abdom. Imaging 1995, 20, 44–46. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Pharmindex. Baqsimi Proszek Do Nosa (3 mg). 2024. Available online: https://pharmindex.pl/lek/baqsimi-proszek-do-nosa-3-mg,44334.html (accessed on 4 July 2024).
- Downes, M.A. Glucagon. Emerg. Med. 2003, 15, 480–485. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hashimoto, T.; Adachi, K.; Ishimura, N.; Hirakawa, K.; Katsube, T.; Kurotani, A.; Hattori, S.; Kinoshita, Y. Safety and efficacy of glucagon as a premedication for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy—A comparative study with butyl scopolamine bromide. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2002, 16, 111–118. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Drugs.com. Glucagon Use While Breastfeeding. 2024. Available online: https://www.drugs.com/breastfeeding/glucagon.html (accessed on 4 July 2024).
- Pecoraro, M.; Takeuchi, M.; Vargas, H.A.; Muglia, V.F.; Cipollari, S.; Catalano, C.; Panebianco, V. Overview of VI-RADS in Bladder Cancer. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2020, 214, 1259–1268. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Noh, T.I.; Shim, J.S.; Kang, S.G.; Sung, D.J.; Cheon, J.; Sim, K.C.; Kang, S.H. Comparison between biparametric and multiparametric MRI in predicting muscle invasion by bladder cancer based on the VI-RADS. Sci. Rep. 2022, 12, 20689. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Delli Pizzi, A.; Mastrodicasa, D.; Marchioni, M.; Primiceri, G.; Di Fabio, F.; Cianci, R.; Seccia, B.; Sessa, B.; Mincuzzi, E.; Romanelli, M.; et al. Bladder cancer: Do we need contrast injection for MRI assessment of muscle invasion? A prospective multi-reader VI-RADS approach. Eur. Radiol. 2020, 31, 3874–3883. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wagner, M.; Rief, M.; Busch, J.; Scheurig-Münkler, C.; Taupitz, M.; Hamm, B.; Franiel, T. Effect of butylscopolamine on image quality in MRI of the prostate. Clin. Radiol. 2010, 65, 460–464. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sundaram, K.M.; Rosenberg, J.; Syed, A.B.; Chang, S.T.; Loening, A.M. Assessment of T2-weighted Image Quality at Prostate MRI in Patients with and Those without Intramuscular Injection of Glucagon. Radiol. Imaging Cancer 2023, 5, e220070. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ullrich, T.; Quentin, M.; Schmaltz, A.K.; Arsov, C.; Rubbert, C.; Blondin, D.; Rabenalt, R.; Albers, P.; Antoch, G.; Schimmöller, L. Hyoscine butylbromide significantly decreases motion artefacts and allows better delineation of anatomic structures in mp-MRI of the prostate. Eur. Radiol. 2017, 28, 17–23. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Slough, R.; Caglic, I.; Hansen, N.; Patterson, A.; Barrett, T. Effect of hyoscine butylbromide on prostate multiparametric MRI anatomical and functional image quality. Clin. Radiol. 2018, 73, 216.e9–216.e14. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sheikh-Sarraf, M.; Nougaret, S.; Forstner, R.; Kubik-Huch, R.A. Patient preparation and image quality in female pelvic MRI: Recommendations revisited. Eur. Radiol. 2020, 30, 5374–5383. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Galgano, S.J.; Porter, K.K.; Burgan, C.; Rais-Bahrami, S. The Role of Imaging in Bladder Cancer Diagnosis and Staging. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 703. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- McKibben, M.J.; Woods, M.E. Preoperative Imaging for Staging Bladder Cancer. Curr. Urol. Rep. 2015, 16, 22. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ciggaar, I.A.; Henneman, O.D.; Oei, S.A.; Vanhooymissen, I.J.; Blikkendaal, M.D.; Bipat, S. Bowel preparation in MRI for detection of endometriosis: Comparison of the effect of an enema, no additional medication and intravenous butylscopolamine on image quality. Eur. J. Radiol. 2022, 149, 110222. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Type of System/Organ | Adverse Effects | Incidence |
---|---|---|
Immune system disorders | Skin allergic reactions redness | 1/100–1/1000, not very often |
Anaphylactic reaction | Frequency unknown 1 | |
Gastro-intestinal system disorders | Mouth dryness Atonic constipation | 1/100–1/1000, not very often |
Nausea Vomiting | Frequency unknown 1 | |
Cardiac system disorders | Tachycardia | 1/10–1/100, frequently |
Palpitations 2 | Frequency unknown 1 | |
Vascular system disorders | Hypotension | 1/100–1/1000, not very often |
Hypertension 2 | 1/1000–1/10,000, rarely | |
Nervous system disorders | Dizziness 2 Paralysis of accommodation 2 | 1/10–1/100, frequently |
Disturbance of tear fluid and sweat secretion 2 | 1/100–1/1000, not very often 1 | |
Visual disturbances Headache 2 Ataxia 2 Anxiety 2 Agitation, insomnia 2 Hallucinations 2 | 1/1000–1/10,000, rarely | |
Pupil dilation 2 Increased intraocular pressure 2 | Frequency unknown 1 | |
Urinary system disorders | Urination disorders 2 | 1/1000–1/10,000, rarely |
Urinary retention 2 | Frequency unknown 1 |
Type of System/Organ | Adverse Effects | Incidence |
---|---|---|
Immune system disorders | Hypersensitivity reaction, including anaphylactic reaction | <1/10,000, very rarely |
Metabolic system disorders | Hypoglycemia 1 | 1/100–1/1000, not very often |
Hypoglycemic coma | <1/10,000, very rarely | |
Cardiac system disorders | Tachycardia 2 | <1/10,000, very rarely |
Vascular system disorders | Hypotension | <1/10,000, very rarely |
Hypertension 2 | ||
Gastro-intestinal system disorders | Nausea | 1/10–1/100, frequently |
Vomiting | 1/100–1/1000, not very often | |
Abdominal pain | 1/1000–1/10,000, rarely |
Parameter (i.v. Route) | Buscolysin | Glucagon |
---|---|---|
Dose | 20–40 mg | 0.2–0.75 mg |
Onset of action | 10 min | 1 min |
Time to Cmax | 20–60 min | 2 min |
Half-life | 1–5 h | 3–6 min |
Duration of gastrointestinal motility inhibition | 45 min–2 h | 5–20 min |
Buscolysin | Glucagon |
---|---|
|
|
Product | Company | Dosage | Package | Full Price (PLN) | Price per mg (PLN) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Glucagon | |||||
GlucaGen 1 mg HypoKit (in powder and suspension form) | Novo Nordisk, Denmark | 1 mg | 1 bottle + syringe | 65.74 | 65.74 |
Baqsimi (nasal powder) | Eli Lilly, Netherlands | 3 mg | 1 dosage package | 320 | 106.66 |
Buscolysin | |||||
Buscolysin (solution for i.v./i. m. injection) | Sopharma, Poland | 20 mg/mL | 10 ampoules (1 mL each) | 25.14 | 0.01 |
AuroGastro (coated tablets) | Aurovitas Pharma, Poland | 10 mg | 30 doses | 15.30 | 0.1 |
Scopolan (coated tablets) | Herbapol, Poland | 10 mg | 30 doses | 20.21 | 0.07 |
Scopolan (suppositories) | Herbapol, Poland | 10 mg | 6 doses | 11.89 | 0.2 |
Buscopan (coated tablets) | Ipsen Consumer HealthCare, France | 10 mg | 20 doses | 22.68 | 0.11 |
Buscopan Forte (coated tablets) | Ipsen Consumer HealthCare, France | 20 mg | 10 doses | 23.91 | 0.12 |
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Sklinda, K.; Rajca, M.; Mruk, B.; Walecki, J. Antispasmodic Agents in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Urinary Bladder—A Narrative Review. Cancers 2024, 16, 2833. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16162833
Sklinda K, Rajca M, Mruk B, Walecki J. Antispasmodic Agents in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Urinary Bladder—A Narrative Review. Cancers. 2024; 16(16):2833. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16162833
Chicago/Turabian StyleSklinda, Katarzyna, Martyna Rajca, Bartosz Mruk, and Jerzy Walecki. 2024. "Antispasmodic Agents in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Urinary Bladder—A Narrative Review" Cancers 16, no. 16: 2833. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16162833