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Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer
by
, , and
Jacopo Fanizza
1,
Sarah Bencardino
1,
Mariangela Allocca
1,
Federica Furfaro
1,
Alessandra Zilli
1,
Tommaso Lorenzo Parigi
1,
Gionata Fiorino
2,
Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
3,4,5,6,7,8,
Silvio Danese
1 and
Ferdinando D’Amico
1,*
1
Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
2
IBD Unit, Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, 00152 Rome, Italy
3
Department of Gastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
4
INSERM, NGERE, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
5
INFINY Institute, Nancy University Hospital, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
6
FHU-CURE, Nancy University Hospital, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
7
Groupe Hospitalier Privè Ambroise Parè—Hartmann, Paris IBD Center, 92200 Neuilly sur Seine, France
8
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cancers 2024, 16(17), 2943; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16172943
Submission received: 29 July 2024
/
Revised: 21 August 2024
/
Accepted: 22 August 2024
/
Published: 23 August 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beginning of a New Era: Current Progress in Colorectal Cancer Detection, Treatment, and Prognosis)
Simple Summary
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) face an increased risk of colorectal cancer, necessitating a surveillance program to detect early signs of cancer. Evaluating the effectiveness and safety of IBD medications in patients with a history of previous or active cancer, as well as assessing antineoplastic drugs in those with IBD, is crucial. This review outlines known risk factors, surveillance, and appropriate management strategies for patients with IBD and concomitant history of cancer.
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), are at a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). However, advancements in endoscopic imaging techniques, integrated surveillance programs, and improved medical therapies have led to a decrease in the incidence of CRC among IBD patients. Currently, the management of patients with IBD who have a history of or ongoing active malignancy is an unmet need. This involves balancing the risk of cancer recurrence/progression with the potential exacerbation of IBD if the medications are discontinued. The objective of this review is to provide an updated summary of the epidemiology, causes, risk factors, and surveillance approaches for CRC in individuals with IBD, and to offer practical guidance on managing IBD patients with history of previous or active cancer.
