Non-Coding RNAs in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: From Bench to Bedside
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Why Study Non-Coding RNAs in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis?
2. How Did We Select the Information?
3. What Did We Learn about Non-Coding RNAs in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis?
4. Can We Leverage Ascites as a Source of Non-Coding RNAs?
5. Research Challenges and Future Directions
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Disease [Reference] | Significant ncRNAs | No. of Samples/No. of Patients, Material | Methodology | Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|
GC [26] | MALAT1, HOTAIR | 300/150, paired tumor and non-tumor tissue, GC cell lines, mice | qPCR, functional in vitro functional tests, in vivo tests | Both lncRNAs↑ in GC patients with peritoneal metastasis; HOTAIR↑—poor outcome, promotes metastases, tumorigenicity, invasiveness. |
PC vs. SBP vs. PH [27] | miR-21, miR-223, miR-186, miR-26b | 45/45 ascites, PC (n = 15), SBP (n = 15), PH (n = 15) | TLDA, qPCR validation | ↑miR-21, miR-186, miR-222, miR-482-5p, ↓miR-26b; miR-21 and miR-186↑ overall in PC vs. PH. |
CRC LM vs. PCa vs. M0 [28] | miR-31-5p | 10/10 CRC LM, 10/10 CRC PCa, 3/3 CRC M0, FFPE | TLDA, qPCR validation, IHC, WB | miR-31-5p↑ in PC-directed CRC, repressing c-MET, role in invasivity, predicts metastatic spread site. |
GC [29] |
miR-574-3p, miR-181b-5p, miR-4481, miR-181d | 165/165 ascites samples (LCi-ascites n = 73, GC-ascites n = 92) | Microarray, qPCR, immunoassay | Combination of CEA and exo-miR-181b-5ppotential diagnostic biomarker of non-malignant vs. GC-ascites. |
GC [30] | miRNA panel | 16/8 GC ascites, 3/3 Lci ascites, AGS cell line | TEM, WB, RNAseq, invasion assay, in vivo model | Ascites-derived exosomes promote GC invasion by inducing EMT signaling, panel dysregulated in GC pre- vs. GC post-treatment, GC vs. LCi. |
BC [31] | ASncmtRNA | BC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, ZR-75, MCF-7) | TEM, nanoparticle tracking analysis, WB, qPCR | Exosomes released upon ASncmtRNA knockdown reduce tumorigenic properties of BC cells. |
CRC [32] | miR-21 | CRC cell lines HT-29, SW480, HCT116; normal (HCO), mice | qRT-PCR, H&E, in vitro and in vivo tests, ELISA | GA interferes with M2 polarization of macrophages by suppressing tumor EV-miR-21, thus weakening metastasis and invasion. |
OC [33] | miR-145 | 20/10 FFPE (T + NT), time-point sampling of the metastatic nodule, OVCAR-3 and ES2 | IHC, qPCR, pyroseq, in vitro tests, WB, ChIP | miR-145-5p and its targets (c-MYC, EGFR, MUC1, and OCT4) impaired in peritoneal metastases, HIPEC restored the TS activity of miR-145-5p, HSF-1 is the upstream regulator. |
CRC [34] | miR-99b, miR-135b | 137/74, FFPE, PC CRC (n = 46), LM CRC (n = 28) | Mutation status detection, IHC, RT-PCR | miR-99b↓, miR-135b↑ in PC and LVM vs. primary tumor, Akt, KRAS and miR-99b mutations are potential risk factors for poor OS. |
OC [35] | miR-421 | 6/6, omentum, OVCA432, OVCAR3 | EV characterization, ExoView profiling, in vitro tests, WB, qPCR | miR-421/CBX7 leads to↓CBX7, a major part of the histone-modifying PRC1. |
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Bohosova, J.; Ashraf, N.S.; Slaby, O.; Calin, G.A. Non-Coding RNAs in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: From Bench to Bedside. Cancers 2024, 16, 2961. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16172961
Bohosova J, Ashraf NS, Slaby O, Calin GA. Non-Coding RNAs in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: From Bench to Bedside. Cancers. 2024; 16(17):2961. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16172961
Chicago/Turabian StyleBohosova, Julia, Nida Sarosh Ashraf, Ondrej Slaby, and George A. Calin. 2024. "Non-Coding RNAs in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: From Bench to Bedside" Cancers 16, no. 17: 2961. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16172961