Inverse Correlation between pks-Carrying Escherichia coli Abundance in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases and the Number of Organs Involved in Recurrence
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients and Specimens
2.2. Pathological Analysis
2.2.1. Tissue Microarray
2.2.2. Immunohistochemistry
2.2.3. Evaluation of Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Variables in Tissue Microarrays
2.3. DNA Extraction and Digital PCR to Quantify Polyketide Synthase (pks)
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Detection of pks+ E. coli in CRC Liver Metastasis Tissues
3.2. Systemic Immune Responses
3.3. Tumor-Immune Microenvironment (TIME)
3.4. Diversity of Metastatic Organs Involved in Recurrence
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Number of Organs Involved | Amount of pks+ E. coli DNA | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Very Low (N = 128) | Low (N = 13) | High (N = 11) | ||
1 | 105 (82.0) | 10 (76.9) | 11 (100) | 0.034 |
2 | 17 (13.3) | 1 (7.7) | 0 (0) | |
3 | 6 (4.7) | 1 (7.7) | 0 (0) | |
4 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
5 | 0 (0) | 1 (7.7) | 0 (0) |
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Shigematsu, Y.; Saito, R.; Kanda, H.; Takahashi, Y.; Takeuchi, K.; Takahashi, S.; Inamura, K. Inverse Correlation between pks-Carrying Escherichia coli Abundance in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases and the Number of Organs Involved in Recurrence. Cancers 2024, 16, 3003. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16173003
Shigematsu Y, Saito R, Kanda H, Takahashi Y, Takeuchi K, Takahashi S, Inamura K. Inverse Correlation between pks-Carrying Escherichia coli Abundance in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases and the Number of Organs Involved in Recurrence. Cancers. 2024; 16(17):3003. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16173003
Chicago/Turabian StyleShigematsu, Yasuyuki, Rumiko Saito, Hiroaki Kanda, Yu Takahashi, Kengo Takeuchi, Shunji Takahashi, and Kentaro Inamura. 2024. "Inverse Correlation between pks-Carrying Escherichia coli Abundance in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases and the Number of Organs Involved in Recurrence" Cancers 16, no. 17: 3003. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16173003