Towards More Sustainable Material Formulations: A Comparative Assessment of PA11-SGW Flexural Performance versus Oil-Based Composites
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Composite Compounding and Sample Obtaining
2.3. Mechanical Characterization
2.4. Composite Density Determination
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Flexural Properties of PA11-SGW Composites
3.2. Analysis of the Flexural Strength: Fiber Flexural Strength Factor and Average Fiber Intrinsic Flexural Strength
3.3. Flexural Strength Performance of PA11-SGW Composites versus Oil-Based Composites
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Fiber content (% w/w) | VF | ρC (g/cm3) | σfC (MPa) | σfm* (MPa) | D (mm) | εfC (%) | Ur (KJ/m3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0.000 | 1.03 | 40.0 ± 1.52 | 40.0 | 11.0 ± 0.32 | 7.39 | 78.18 |
20 | 0.155 | 1.09 | 55.0 ± 2.22 | 39.2 | 9.5 ± 0.51 | 6.39 | 57.77 |
30 | 0.240 | 1.12 | 68.7 ± 1.79 | 38.5 | 8.6 ± 0.45 | 5.78 | 49.65 |
40 | 0.329 | 1.15 | 77.5 ± 1.28 | 36.8 | 7.8 ± 0.38 | 5.24 | 42.73 |
50 | 0.424 | 1.18 | 92.6 ± 3.12 | 32.3 | 6.3 ± 0.51 | 4.24 | 37.05 |
60 | 0.524 | 1.22 | 102.7 ± 4.75 | 26.5 | 4.8 ± 0.47 | 3.23 | 29.79 |
Composite | Fiber content | VF | σfF (MPa) | (1 − VF)·σfm* (MPa) | fcf |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PA11-SGW | 20% | 0.155 | 888 | 33.16 | 0.159 |
30% | 0.240 | 888 | 29.29 | 0.185 | |
40% | 0.329 | 888 | 24.69 | 0.181 | |
50% | 0.424 | 888 | 18.82 | 0.196 | |
60% | 0.524 | 888 | 12.59 | 0.194 | |
PP-SGW | 50% | 0.404 | 1095 | 20.98 | 0.173 |
PP-GFsized | 20% | 0.084 | 3787 | 30.60 | 0.137 |
30% | 0.136 | 3787 | 28.31 | 0.116 | |
PP-GFcoupled | 20% | 0.084 | 4237 | 30.60 | 0.163 |
30% | 0.136 | 4237 | 28.31 | 0.150 |
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Oliver-Ortega, H.; Méndez, J.A.; Reixach, R.; Espinach, F.X.; Ardanuy, M.; Mutjé, P. Towards More Sustainable Material Formulations: A Comparative Assessment of PA11-SGW Flexural Performance versus Oil-Based Composites. Polymers 2018, 10, 440. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10040440
Oliver-Ortega H, Méndez JA, Reixach R, Espinach FX, Ardanuy M, Mutjé P. Towards More Sustainable Material Formulations: A Comparative Assessment of PA11-SGW Flexural Performance versus Oil-Based Composites. Polymers. 2018; 10(4):440. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10040440
Chicago/Turabian StyleOliver-Ortega, Helena, José Alberto Méndez, Rafel Reixach, Francesc Xavier Espinach, Mònica Ardanuy, and Pere Mutjé. 2018. "Towards More Sustainable Material Formulations: A Comparative Assessment of PA11-SGW Flexural Performance versus Oil-Based Composites" Polymers 10, no. 4: 440. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10040440
APA StyleOliver-Ortega, H., Méndez, J. A., Reixach, R., Espinach, F. X., Ardanuy, M., & Mutjé, P. (2018). Towards More Sustainable Material Formulations: A Comparative Assessment of PA11-SGW Flexural Performance versus Oil-Based Composites. Polymers, 10(4), 440. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10040440