Impacts of Modified Fly Ash on Soil Available Lead and Copper and Their Accumulation by Ryegrass
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Materials
2.2. Preparation of MFA
2.3. Incubation Experiment
2.4. Chemical Analysis
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterizations of FA and MFA
3.2. Soil pH, CaCl2-Extractable, and Chemical Speciation of Pb and Cu
3.3. Ryegrass Growth and Heavy Metal Accumulation
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatment | EXC | CA | Fe-Mn | OM | RES | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pb | CK | 807 ± 4.98 ab | 116 ± 0.04 cd | 95.2 ± 3.14 d | 15.1 ± 0.99 c | 318 ± 0.71 d |
FA-2 | 797 ± 5.26 bc | 109 ± 0.26 ef | 75.4 ± 3.15 f | 10.3 ± 0.70 d | 324 ± 1.69 d | |
FA-4 | 792 ± 11.92 c | 115 ± 5.10 cde | 78.1 ± 0.49 f | 13.2 ± 0.70 c | 323 ± 2.89 d | |
FA-6 | 749 ± 7.60 d | 113 ± 0.04 de | 76.0 ± 1.35 f | 12.8 ± 0.45 c | 385 ± 4.28 b | |
MFA-2 | 697 ± 0.52 e | 122 ± 3.39 bc | 120 ± 4.64 c | 13.9 ± 0.54 c | 374 ± 3.89 c | |
MFA-4 | 631 ± 0.35 f | 127 ± 2.79 b | 145 ± 1.65 b | 25.6 ± 2.14 b | 394 ± 4.94 b | |
MFA-6 | 510 ± 6.31 g | 148 ± 3.85 a | 189 ± 0.79 a | 29.9 ± 1.14 a | 464 ± 3.21 a | |
Cu | CK | 119 ± 1.03 ab | 45.7 ± 0.07 c | 212 ± 0.94 b | 43.9 ± 3.09 a | 225 ± 4.40 cd |
FA-2 | 123 ± 2.12 a | 43.1 ± 0.34 cd | 190 ± 0.78 cd | 36.5 ± 2.72 ab | 228 ± 0.80 bcd | |
FA-4 | 115 ± 4.78 b | 44.6 ± 1.78 cd | 190 ± 0.69 cd | 40.0 ± 5.55 ab | 234 ± 15.49 abcd | |
FA-6 | 113 ± 1.87 bc | 43.6 ± 0.47 cd | 185 ± 3.20 d | 41.4 ± 1.28 ab | 248 ± 10.98 a | |
MFA-2 | 108 ± 6.92 c | 44.9 ± 0.71 cd | 206 ± 3.55 b | 35.6 ± 2.26 ab | 244 ± 6.59 ab | |
MFA-4 | 102 ± 1.65 d | 53.2 ± 1.97 b | 228 ± 7.48 a | 33.5 ± 4.65 b | 236 ± 10.06 abcd | |
MFA-6 | 73.4 ± 1.73 e | 57.4 ± 2.20 a | 233 ± 7.39 a | 43.4 ± 4.24 a | 240 ± 2.35 abc |
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Cui, H.; Sheng, X.; Hu, S.; Li, S.; Zhang, S.; Zhou, J. Impacts of Modified Fly Ash on Soil Available Lead and Copper and Their Accumulation by Ryegrass. Agronomy 2023, 13, 2194. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092194
Cui H, Sheng X, Hu S, Li S, Zhang S, Zhou J. Impacts of Modified Fly Ash on Soil Available Lead and Copper and Their Accumulation by Ryegrass. Agronomy. 2023; 13(9):2194. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092194
Chicago/Turabian StyleCui, Hongbiao, Xue Sheng, Shaojun Hu, Shuai Li, Shiwen Zhang, and Jun Zhou. 2023. "Impacts of Modified Fly Ash on Soil Available Lead and Copper and Their Accumulation by Ryegrass" Agronomy 13, no. 9: 2194. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092194