Effectiveness of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation for Weed and Nematode Management in Organic Sweetpotato Production
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Greenhouse Experiments
2.2. Experimental Setup
2.3. Treatment Setup and ASD Initiation
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Soil Redox Potential
3.2. Impact of ASD on Weeds
3.2.1. Weed Counts
3.2.2. Percent Weed Cover
3.3. Necrosis on Sweetpotato Plants
3.4. Nematode Reproduction and Gall Index
3.4.1. Nematode Soil Population Density
3.4.2. Nematode Egg Production
3.4.3. Root Gall Index
3.5. Sweetpotato Biomass
3.5.1. Sweetpotato Above-Ground Biomass
3.5.2. Sweetpotato Root Biomass
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Soil Source Origin | Soil Texture | Organic Matter (%) | Soil pH | P lbs/A | K lbs/A | Ca lbs/A | Mg lbs/A | Zn lbs/A | Mn lbs/A | Cu lbs/A | B lbs/A | Na lbs/A |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blackville, SC | Wagram sand | 0.75 | 6.1 | 96 | 89 | 698 | 101 | 5.6 | 12 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 5 |
Charleston, SC | Sandy loam | 2 | 6.7 | 218 | 138 | 1090 | 177 | 5 | 27 | 2.8 | 0.3 | 11 |
Clemson, SC | Clay | 7 | 3.0 | 26 | 133 | 1490 | 222 | 4.9 | 49 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 13 |
Soil Type | Carbon Source | Weed Population/Microcosm | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yellow Nutsedge | Crabgrass | Carpet Weed | Yellow Woodsorrel | ||||
Exp. 1 | Exp. 2 | Exp. 1 | Exp. 2 | ||||
Blackville | Cotton seed meal | 0.33 a | 0.0 b | 1.0 b | 0.7 a | 12.5 a | 3.3 a |
No additional carbon | 3.33 a | 2.0 b | 3.7 ab | 2.7 a | 21.0 a | 2.8 a | |
Charleston | Cotton seed meal | 0.66 a | 0.0 b | 1.7 ab | 1.0 a | 1.5 a | 0.8 a |
No additional carbon | 3.33 a | 20.0 a | 1.7 ab | 5.0 a | 9.5 a | 8.5 a | |
Clemson | Cotton seed meal | 0.66 a | 0.0 b | 6.7 a | 12.0 a | 8.3 a | 10.0 a |
No additional carbon | 3.66 a | 2.3 b | 3.0 ab | 6.3 a | 16.1 a | 6.5 a | |
p-value | |||||||
Soil type | 0.9462 | 0.0037 * | 0.0273 * | 0.0262 * | 0.0721 | 0.0992 | |
Carbon source | 0.0041 * | 0.0014 * | 0.7076 | 0.9580 | 0.0440 * | 0.5322 | |
Soil type × carbon source | 0.9817 | 0.0037 * | 0.0353 * | 0.1730 | 0.9973 | 0.0662 |
Soil Type | Carbon Source | Gall Index/Root System | Egg Mass/Root System | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Exp. 1 | Exp. 2 | Exp. 1 | Exp. 2 | ||
Blackville | Cotton seed meal | 36.6 a | 0.0 b | 70.3 a | 0.0 c |
No additional carbon | 13.3 a | 80.0 a | 20.4 a | 225.0 a | |
Charleston | Cotton seed meal | 13.3 a | 0.0 b | 66.6 a | 0.0 c |
No additional carbon | 23.3 a | 30.0 b | 21.0 a | 100.3 b | |
Clemson | Cotton seed meal | 0.0 a | 0.0 b | 0.0 a | 0.3 c |
No additional carbon | 5.0 a | 10.0 b | 16.6 a | 5.3 c | |
p-value | |||||
Soil type | 0.3683 | 0.0028 * | 0.5229 | 0.0013 * | |
Carbon source | 0.8311 | <0001 * | 0.9377 | <0001 * | |
Soil type × carbon source | 0.5338 | 0.0028 * | 0.5926 | 0.0005 * |
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Singh, S.; Rutter, W.; Wadl, P.A.; Campbell, H.T.; Khanal, C.; Cutulle, M. Effectiveness of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation for Weed and Nematode Management in Organic Sweetpotato Production. Agronomy 2024, 14, 1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091935
Singh S, Rutter W, Wadl PA, Campbell HT, Khanal C, Cutulle M. Effectiveness of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation for Weed and Nematode Management in Organic Sweetpotato Production. Agronomy. 2024; 14(9):1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091935
Chicago/Turabian StyleSingh, Simardeep, William Rutter, Phillip A. Wadl, Harrison Tyler Campbell, Churamani Khanal, and Matthew Cutulle. 2024. "Effectiveness of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation for Weed and Nematode Management in Organic Sweetpotato Production" Agronomy 14, no. 9: 1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091935