Ultraviolet Radiation Effect on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Common Species from Northeastern Mexico
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. UV-B and UV-C Radiation Doses
2.2. Standard Germination Tests
2.3. Accelerated Aging Test and Vigor of Seedlings
2.4. Experimental Design and Statistical Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Standard Germination Test under UV-B Radiation
3.2. Accelerated Aging Test under UV-B Radiation
3.3. Standard Germination under UV-C
3.4. Accelerated Aging Test under UV-C Radiation
3.5. Responses of Seedlings to UV-B and UV-C Radiations
4. Discussion
4.1. Standard Germination of Seeds Irradiated with UV-B
4.2. Standard Germination of Seeds Irradiated with UV-C
4.3. Accelerated Aging of Seedlings from Seeds Irradiated with UV-B
4.4. Accelerated Aging of Seedlings from Seeds Irradiated with UV-C
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | UV Radiation Type | Treatments | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control (T1) | Minimum Dose (T2) | Maximum Dose (T3) | Lethal Dose (T4) | |||||
kJ/m2 | Time (s) | kJ/m2 | Time (s) | kJ/m2 | Time (s) | |||
Glycine max | UV-B | Without UV radiation | 5.4 | 3600 | 43.2 | 28800 | 56.7 | 37800 |
UV-C | Without UV radiation | 1.44 | 900 | 43.2 | 27000 | 57.60 | 36000 | |
Triticum aestivum | UV-B | Without UV radiation | 1.35 | 900 | 8.1 | 5400 | 37.8 | 25200 |
UV-C | Without UV radiation | 2.88 | 1800 | 17.28 | 10800 | 43.2 | 27000 | |
Helianthus annuus | UV-B | Without UV radiation | 1.35 | 900 | 0.27 | 180 | 8.1 | 5400 |
UV-C | Without UV radiation | 2.88 | 1800 | 8.64 | 5400 | 43.2 | 27000 | |
Pinus maximartinezii | UV-B | Without UV radiation | 0.63 | 420 | 0.99 | 660 | 1.17 | 780 |
UV-C | Without UV radiation | 0.288 | 180 | 0.864 | 540 | 1.056 | 660 |
Source of variation | Df | Vigor (%) | Fcal | GR | Fcal | NS | Fcal | ALP | Fcal | ALR | Fcal |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment | 3 | 3.80 | 2.01 | 3.35 | 1.58 | 272.30 | 52.61 ** | 67.30 | 25.93 ** | 8.69 | 3.62 ** |
Species | 3 | 64.34 | 33.98 ** | 61.77 | 29.1 ** | 470.28 | 90.87 ** | 121.83 | 46.94 ** | 907.62 | 378.68 ** |
T×S | 9 | 1.21 | 0.64 | 0.98 | 0.46 | 46.57 | 9.00 ** | 17.28 | 6.66 ** | 11.62 | 4.85 ** |
S.E. | 1.89 | 2.12 | 5.18 | 2.60 | 2.40 | ||||||
C.V.% | 5.84 | 6.19 | 15.51 | 21.36 | 10.73 |
Source of Variation | Df | Vigor (%) | F | GR (%) | F | NS (%) | F | ALP (cm) | F | ALR (cm) | F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment | 3 | 1.84 | 0.62 | 3.13 | 1.14 | 456.75 | 92.81 ** | 134.78 | 91.95 ** | 7.36 | 1.54 |
Species | 3 | 106.80 | 35.89 ** | 120.97 | 44.05 ** | 890.11 | 180.8 ** | 161.49 | 110.17 ** | 784.31 | 164.23 ** |
T×S | 9 | 3.07 | 1.03 | 2.64 | 0.96 | 76.00 | 15.44 ** | 39.66 | 27.06 ** | 6.46 | 1.35 |
S.E. | 2.97 | 2.74 | 4.92 | 1.46 | 4.77 | ||||||
C.V.% | 7.74 | 7.38 | 18.43 | 20.64 | 16.56 |
Source of Variation | Df | Vigor (%) | Fcal | GR (%) | Fcal | NS | Fcal | ALP | Fcal | ALR | Fcal |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatments | 3 | 27.65 | 6.36 ** | 25.84 | 5.47 ** | 75.55 | 13.55 ** | 22.71 | 9.77 ** | 14.53 | 2.78 ** |
Species | 3 | 913.47 | 210.02 ** | 940.64 | 199.2 ** | 1698.63 | 304.7 ** | 729.99 | 313.9 ** | 1473.10 | 2818 ** |
T×S | 9 | 37.65 | 8.66 ** | 39.11 | 8.29 ** | 15.40 | 2.76 ** | 7.86 | 3.38 ** | 14.02 | 2.68 ** |
S.E. | 4.35 | 4.72 | 5.57 | 2.33 | 5.23 | ||||||
C.V.% | 10.14 | 10.77 | 17.16 | 20.22 | 18.27 |
Source of variation | Df | Vigor % | Fcal | GR % | Fcal | NS | Fcal | ALP | Fcal | ALR | Fcal |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment | 3 | 30.20 | 3.47 ** | 26.09 | 3.32 * | 127.65 | 2.87 * | 278609 | 4.95 ** | 10.76 | 0.30 |
Species | 3 | 3907.88 | 448.52 ** | 3831.69 | 488.05 ** | 0 | 0 | 0.37 | 0.07 | 1080.58 | 30.62 ** |
T×S | 9 | 121.25 | 13.92 ** | 127.24 | 16.21 ** | 54.51 | 1.22 | 14.17 | 2.52 | 2.05 | 0.06 |
S.E. | 8.7 | 7.85 | 44.55 | 5.63 | 35.29 | ||||||
C.V.% | 15.84 | 15.11 | 73.90 | 59.00 | 61.07 |
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Foroughbakhch Pournavab, R.; Bacópulos Mejía, E.; Benavides Mendoza, A.; Salas Cruz, L.R.; Ngangyo Heya, M. Ultraviolet Radiation Effect on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Common Species from Northeastern Mexico. Agronomy 2019, 9, 269. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9060269
Foroughbakhch Pournavab R, Bacópulos Mejía E, Benavides Mendoza A, Salas Cruz LR, Ngangyo Heya M. Ultraviolet Radiation Effect on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Common Species from Northeastern Mexico. Agronomy. 2019; 9(6):269. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9060269
Chicago/Turabian StyleForoughbakhch Pournavab, Rahim, Elly Bacópulos Mejía, Adalberto Benavides Mendoza, Lidia Rosaura Salas Cruz, and Maginot Ngangyo Heya. 2019. "Ultraviolet Radiation Effect on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Common Species from Northeastern Mexico" Agronomy 9, no. 6: 269. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9060269