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Cells
Volume 11
Issue 21
10.3390/cells11213361
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Review

The Role of Crosstalk between Adipose Cells and Myocytes in the Pathogenesis of Sarcopenic Obesity in the Elderly

by
Mauro Zamboni
1,*,
Gloria Mazzali
2,
Anna Brunelli
1,
Tanaz Saatchi
1,
Silvia Urbani
1,
Anna Giani
1,
Andrea P. Rossi
3,
Elena Zoico
2 and
Francesco Fantin
2
1
Geriatrics Division, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatric and Gynecology, Healthy Aging Center, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
2
Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
3
Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, AULSS2, Ospedale Ca’Foncello, 31100 Treviso, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cells 2022, 11(21), 3361; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11213361
Submission received: 22 August 2022 / Revised: 8 October 2022 / Accepted: 14 October 2022 / Published: 25 October 2022
(This article belongs to the Collection Molecular Mechanisms and Current Treatment Strategy of Sarcopenia and Cachexia)
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Abstract

As a result of aging, body composition changes, with a decline in muscle mass and an increase in adipose tissue (AT), which reallocates from subcutaneous to visceral depots and stores ectopically in the liver, heart and muscles. Furthermore, with aging, muscle and AT, both of which have recognized endocrine activity, become dysfunctional and contribute, in the case of positive energy balance, to the development of sarcopenic obesity (SO). SO is defined as the co-existence of excess adiposity and low muscle mass and function, and its prevalence increases with age. SO is strongly associated with greater morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of SO is complex and multifactorial. This review focuses mainly on the role of crosstalk between age-related dysfunctional adipose and muscle cells as one of the mechanisms leading to SO. A better understanding of this mechanisms may be useful for development of prevention strategies and treatments aimed at reducing the occurrence of SO.
Keywords: sarcopenic obesity; adipose tissue; skeletal muscle; myokines; adipokines sarcopenic obesity; adipose tissue; skeletal muscle; myokines; adipokines

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zamboni, M.; Mazzali, G.; Brunelli, A.; Saatchi, T.; Urbani, S.; Giani, A.; Rossi, A.P.; Zoico, E.; Fantin, F. The Role of Crosstalk between Adipose Cells and Myocytes in the Pathogenesis of Sarcopenic Obesity in the Elderly. Cells 2022, 11, 3361. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11213361

AMA Style

Zamboni M, Mazzali G, Brunelli A, Saatchi T, Urbani S, Giani A, Rossi AP, Zoico E, Fantin F. The Role of Crosstalk between Adipose Cells and Myocytes in the Pathogenesis of Sarcopenic Obesity in the Elderly. Cells. 2022; 11(21):3361. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11213361

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zamboni, Mauro, Gloria Mazzali, Anna Brunelli, Tanaz Saatchi, Silvia Urbani, Anna Giani, Andrea P. Rossi, Elena Zoico, and Francesco Fantin. 2022. "The Role of Crosstalk between Adipose Cells and Myocytes in the Pathogenesis of Sarcopenic Obesity in the Elderly" Cells 11, no. 21: 3361. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11213361

APA Style

Zamboni, M., Mazzali, G., Brunelli, A., Saatchi, T., Urbani, S., Giani, A., Rossi, A. P., Zoico, E., & Fantin, F. (2022). The Role of Crosstalk between Adipose Cells and Myocytes in the Pathogenesis of Sarcopenic Obesity in the Elderly. Cells, 11(21), 3361. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11213361

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