Atmosphere, Volume 10, Issue 6

Based on the U.S. Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) numerical model, this study has developed the Northwest Mesoscale Numerical Prediction Service and Experimental System (NW-MNPS). Surface and sounding data assimilation has been introduced for...

Mass concentration data for particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.50 μm (PM_2.5) combined with backward trajectory cluster analysis, potential source contribution function (PSCF), and concentration weighted traject...

Typhoon-induced storm surges are catastrophic disasters in coastal areas worldwide, although typhoon surges are not extremely high in Taiwan. However, the rising water level around an estuary could be a block that obstructs the flow of water away fro...

Urban heat islands (UHI) increase summer temperatures and can threaten human well-being during extreme heat events. Since urbanization plays a key role in UHI development, accurate quantification of land cover types is critical to their identificatio...

Episodes of hot weather and poor air quality pose significant consequences for public health. In this study, these episodes are addressed by applying the observational data of daily air temperature and ozone concentrations in an event-based risk asse...

Based on the Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm, we simulate the evolutions of different types of the polarized lights in the broad-band range from visible to infrared in foggy environments. Here, we have constructed two scattering systems to simulate the tr...

The linkage between atmospheric blocking (blocking frequency, BF) and total monthly July precipitation in the Selenga River Basin, the main tributary of Lake Baikal, for the period 1979–2016 was investigated. Based on empirical orthogonal funct...

Evapotranspiration is a vital component of the land surface process, thus, a more accurate estimate of evapotranspiration is of great significance to agricultural production, research on climate change, and other activities. In order to explore the s...

Coastal cities in China are frequently hit by tropical cyclones (TCs), which result in tremendous loss of life and property. Even though the capability of numerical weather prediction models to forecast and track TCs has considerably improved in rece...

This study investigates the asymmetric distribution of hurricane boundary layer height scales in a storm-motion-relative framework using global positioning system (GPS) dropsonde observations. Data from a total of 1916 dropsondes collected within fou...

The Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MF-DFA) is used to examine the scaling behavior and the multifractal characteristics of the mean daily temperature time series of the ERA-Interim reanalysis data for a domain centered over Greece. The...

The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is the most commonly used technique for decreasing the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs). However, the same injection strategy in the SCR system shows significant variat...

We analyzed a June 2018 Nanjing, China haze event using ground-based and spaceborne sensors, combined with sounding and HYSPLIT backward trajectory data, with the ground-based and spaceborne sensor data exhibiting good consistency. Water vapor conten...

Haze pollution has frequently occurred in winter over Eastern China in recent years. Over Eastern China, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) cloud detection data were compared with the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polar...

The assessment of human-biometeorological information requires appropriate preparation of data and suitable visualisation of results. Human-biometeorological information can be valuable for tourists and visitors, but also for citizens looking for inf...

May-to-July and February-to-April represent peak rainy seasons in two sub-regions of Northeast Brazil (NEB): Eastern NEB and Northern NEB respectively. In this paper, we identify key oceanic indexes in the tropical South Atlantic for driving these tw...

This special issue collects original and review articles on large-scale atmospheric circulation variability and its climate impacts [...]

Within the CO₂ time series measured at the Environmental Research Station Schneefernerhaus (UFS), Germany, as part of the Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) program, pollution episodes are traced back to local and regional emissions, identified by &delta...

Based on the 19 year observation from 1998 to 2016 at the Tsuan Wan and Central/Western District monitoring stations in Hong Kong, the aim of this paper was to assess the wet deposition pathway of Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) on a large time-scale. In order...

The incineration of sacrificial offerings generates numerous hazardous air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), CO, SO₂, NOx and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), which has significant effects on the environment and human health. However, du...

This study analyzes the atmospheric forcing of upwelling occurrence along differently oriented coastlines of the southern Baltic Sea basin. The mean daily sea surface temperature (SST) data from the summer seasons (June–August) of the years 198...

Important processes within the shipbuilding and ship repair industry include metal cutting, welding, surface preparation, and painting. When dealing with ship repair, ships are brought into drydocks to carry out necessary repairs. Typical repairs inc...

The urban wind environment is an important element of urban microclimates and plays an important role in the quality of the urban environment. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation method is an important means for urban wind field researc...

The identification of some radar reflectivity signatures plays a vital role in severe thunderstorm nowcasting. A weak echo region is one of the signatures that could indicate updraft, which is a fundamental condition for hail production. However, thi...

There is a paucity of comprehensive air quality data from urban areas in the Middle East. In this study, portable instrumentation was used to measure size-fractioned aerosol number, mass, and black carbon concentrations in Amman and Zarqa, Jordan. Su...

The measurement of turbulent fluxes in the atmospheric boundary layer is usually performed using fast anemometers and the Eddy Covariance technique. This method has been applied here and investigated in a complex mountainous terrain. A field campaign...

The characteristics of moist static energy (MSE) and its budget in a simulated tropical cyclone (TC) are examined in this study. Results demonstrate that MSE in a TC system is enhanced as the storm strengthens, primarily because of two mechanisms: up...

The Operational Program on the Exchange of Weather Radar Information (OPERA) has co-ordinated radar co-operation among national weather services in Europe for more than 20 years. It has introduced its own, manufacturer-independent data model, runs it...

The first aim of this study is to determine if changes in precipitation and more specifically in convective precipitation are projected in a warmer climate over Belgium. The second aim is to evaluate if these changes are dependent on the convective s...

An explosive cyclone event that occurred near the Korean Peninsula in early May 2016 is simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to examine the developmental mechanisms of the explosive cyclone. After confirming that the WRF m...

Dense air quality monitoring network (AQMN) is one of main ways to surveil industrial air pollution. This paper is concerned with the design of a dense AQMN for H₂S for a chemical industrial park in Shanghai, China. An indicator (Surveillance Efficie...

This study focused on the customization of the fourth generation International Center for Theoretical Physics Regional Climate Model version 4.4 and its ability to reproduce the mean climate and most dominant modes of variability over East Africa. Th...

Ceilometer detection can be used to determine cloud type based on cloud layer height. Satellite observations provide images of clouds’ physical properties. During the summer and winter of 2017, Satellite Application Facility on support to Nowca...

In this paper, a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) numerical calculation was employed to examine whether the ventilation system of the self-designed smart broiler house meets the requirements of cooling and ventilation for the welfare in poultry bre...

With the accelerated warming of the arctic and the gradual opening of the Arctic passages, more and more attention has been paid to assessing the risk of the navigation environment in the Arctic. Due to the scarcity of visibility data in the Arctic,...

In the current research, gene expression programming (GEP) was applied to model reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in 18 regions of Iran with limited meteorological data. Initially, a genetic algorithm (GA) was employed to detect the most important v...

Agricultural burning is still a common practice around the world. It is associated with the high emission of air pollutants, including short-term climate change forcing pollutants such as black carbon and PM_2.5. The legal requirements to start any re...

The study investigates the effect of aerosol long-range transport on precipitation over Northern California during atmospheric river (AR) events in the 2017 cold season (January–April). ARs in 2017 were one of the strongest to date, and the int...

Cloud is an important factor that affects weather and climate, and the vertical distribution of cloud determines its role in the atmospheric radiation transfer process. In this paper, the characteristics of different cloud types and their vertical cl...

Wildland fire smoke exposure affects a broad proportion of the U.S. population and is increasing due to climate change, settlement patterns and fire seclusion. Significant public health questions surrounding its effects remain, including the impact o...

Traffic is a major source of ultrafine aerosol particles in urban environments. Recent studies show that a significant fraction of traffic-related particles are only few nanometers in diameter. Here, we study the dispersion of this nanocluster aeroso...

Receptor-oriented models, including positive matrix factorization (PMF) analyses, are now commonly used to elaborate and/or evaluate action plans to improve air quality. In this context, the SOURCES project has been set-up to gather and investigate i...

The moderate resolution and imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) level 2 operational aerosol products that are based on the dark target (DT) method over vegetated regions and the enhanced deep blue (DB) algorithms over bright pixels provide daily global...

In this paper, the diurnal variations of various clouds are analyzed using hourly cloud observations at weather stations in China from 1985 to 2011. In combination with merged hourly precipitation data, the relationship between the diurnal variations...

Examining the effects of climate change on spring maize, and its suitability under dynamic cultivation patterns, will aid strategic decision-making for future agricultural adaptation. This paper investigates the climate suitability of spring maize, b...

In the French Alps the quality of the radar Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE) is limited by the topography and the vertical structure of precipitation. A previous study realized in all the French Alps, has shown a general bias between value...

The destructiveness and potential hazards brought to the Pearl River Delta (PRD) by the category-3 typhoon Hato in 2017 have been studied. The results show that wind flow is one of the key parameters influenced by tropical cyclones. The observed wind...

To better understand the ionospheric morphology response to lithospheric activities, we study the global location preference of the positive and negative total electron content (TEC) anomalies persisting continuously for longer than 24 h at middle an...

Hubei Province Region (HPR), located in Central China, is a concentrated area of severe convective weather. Three severe convective processes occurred in HPR were selected, namely 14–15 May 2015 (Case 1), 6–7 July 2013 (Case 2), and 11&nd...

Precise estimation of surface-atmosphere exchange is a major challenge in micrometeorology. Previous literature presented the eddy covariance (EC) as the most reliable method for the measurements of such fluxes. Nevertheless, the EC technique is quit...