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Article

Small-Signal Modeling and Frequency Support Capacity Analysis of Power Load Considering Voltage Variation Effect

by
Tao Zhou
1,2,
Yuxin Zheng
1,
Cheng Wang
1,*,
Lei Chen
2,
Bo Liu
3 and
Zhong Chen
3
1
School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
3
School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Symmetry 2024, 16(7), 918; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16070918
Submission received: 24 April 2024 / Revised: 6 July 2024 / Accepted: 7 July 2024 / Published: 18 July 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry/Asymmetry Studies in Modern Power Systems)

Abstract

The frequency support capacity of power loads is essential for maintaining active power symmetry and balance between the generation and demand sides of power systems. As the proportion of renewable energy sources and power electronic equipment increases, the inertia on the power generation side decreases, highlighting the growing importance of frequency support on the load side. As it is generally believed that the active power balance of power systems determines the frequency stability, few studies have considered the effect of voltage variation on the frequency response dynamics. It is important to note that the node voltage keeps fluctuating throughout the frequency dynamic process, which affects the active power of loads and should not be neglected. Based on the aforementioned rationales, this paper endeavors to investigate the modeling of power load frequency response and analyze its support capability considering the voltage variation effect. This paper initially establishes the small-signal model of dynamic load under frequency dynamics, derives the transfer function relating active power to system frequency deviation, and subsequently develops its frequency response model. Subsequently, commencing with the ZIP model of static load, the power fluctuation of load nodes is derived from the influence of preceding nodes, and the frequency response model of the static load is formulated and its frequency support capacity is scrutinized. Based on this foundation, a comprehensive aggregation model of the complex load is constructed, and its frequency support capability is assessed using actual data. Finally, the proposed model and analysis results are validated through simulation, confirming their correctness and effectiveness.
Keywords: active power symmetry; frequency response modeling; dynamic load; static load; voltage variation effect active power symmetry; frequency response modeling; dynamic load; static load; voltage variation effect

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Zhou, T.; Zheng, Y.; Wang, C.; Chen, L.; Liu, B.; Chen, Z. Small-Signal Modeling and Frequency Support Capacity Analysis of Power Load Considering Voltage Variation Effect. Symmetry 2024, 16, 918. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16070918

AMA Style

Zhou T, Zheng Y, Wang C, Chen L, Liu B, Chen Z. Small-Signal Modeling and Frequency Support Capacity Analysis of Power Load Considering Voltage Variation Effect. Symmetry. 2024; 16(7):918. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16070918

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhou, Tao, Yuxin Zheng, Cheng Wang, Lei Chen, Bo Liu, and Zhong Chen. 2024. "Small-Signal Modeling and Frequency Support Capacity Analysis of Power Load Considering Voltage Variation Effect" Symmetry 16, no. 7: 918. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16070918

APA Style

Zhou, T., Zheng, Y., Wang, C., Chen, L., Liu, B., & Chen, Z. (2024). Small-Signal Modeling and Frequency Support Capacity Analysis of Power Load Considering Voltage Variation Effect. Symmetry, 16(7), 918. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16070918

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