Biochar Can Improve Absorption of Nitrogen in Chicken Manure by Black Soldier Fly
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chicken Manure and Biochar
2.2. Insect Sourcing
2.3. Experimental Design
2.4. Analytical Methods
2.5. Calculations and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Gaseous Nitrogen Emission
3.2. Variations of Residual Nitrogen
3.3. Physicochemical Profile Changes of Substrate
3.4. Bioconversion Performance
3.5. Nitrogen Balance
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatments | Survival Rate (%) | Fresh Larval Mass (g) | Dry Larval Mass (g) | Nitrogen Accumulated in Larvae (g/kg) |
---|---|---|---|---|
BC0 | 91.33 ± 4.62 a | 52.80 ± 2.26 d | 14.57 ± 0.31 c | 68.88 ± 0.64 a |
BC2 | 93.33 ± 6.11 a | 71.28 ± 1.70 ab | 18.83 ± 0.67 b | 64.48 ± 0.33 b |
BC5 | 96.67 ± 3.06 a | 77.15 ± 0.58 a | 22.97 ± 0.91 a | 61.48 ± 1.35 c |
BC8 | 94.67 ± 3.06 a | 69.21 ± 4.53 bc | 20.37 ± 0.67 b | 61.64 ± 0.68 c |
BC15 | 93.33 ± 1.15 a | 63.88 ± 2.42 c | 19.10 ± 0.75 b | 60.88 ± 2.14 c |
Treatments | Reduction Rate of CM (%) | Bioconversion Rate (%) | FCR (kg) | ECI (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
BC0 | 43.61 ± 0.64 b | 5.21 ± 0.12 c | 12.79 ± 0.21 a | 11.95 ± 0.41 a |
BC2 | 50.10 ± 2.33 ab | 7.51 ± 0.48 b | 9.38 ± 0.81 b | 13.66 ± 0.97 a |
BC5 | 59.75 ± 3.63 a | 8.31 ± 0.34 a | 8.71 ± 0.38 b | 13.96 ± 1.24 a |
BC8 | 56.93 ± 2.56 a | 7.37 ± 0.25 b | 9.37 ± 0.69 b | 12.98 ± 0.99 a |
BC15 | 58.04 ± 8.47 a | 6.87 ± 0.30 b | 9.41 ± 0.12 b | 12.18 ± 1.05 a |
Treatments | Nitrogen Loss (%) | Nitrogen in Residue (%) | Nitrogen in Larvae (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NH3 | N2O | Org-N | NH4+-N | NO3−-N | ||
BC0 | 25.90 ± 0.70 a | 0.0012 ± 0.0003 a | 40.95 ± 2.09 a | 0.24 ± 0.03 d | 9.33 ± 0.93 d | 23.58 ± 1.28 c |
BC2 | 23.50 ± 0.96 ab | 0.0006 ± 0.0001 b | 38.32 ± 1.38 ab | 0.31 ± 0.05 d | 10.33 ± 0.96 d | 27.53 ± 0.35 b |
BC5 | 21.50 ± 1.46 bc | 0.0004 ± 0.0001 bc | 27.89 ± 0.46 d | 0.45 ± 0.03 c | 14.42 ± 1.08 c | 35.74 ± 0.20 a |
BC8 | 19.27 ± 0.93 cd | 0.0002 ± 0.0001 c | 32.23 ± 2.22 c | 0.56 ± 0.03 b | 18.55 ± 0.95 b | 29.39 ± 1.36 b |
BC15 | 16.51 ± 0.92 d | 0.0001 ± 0.0000 c | 34.70 ± 0.76 bc | 0.96 ± 0.05 a | 24.24 ± 0.17 a | 23.59 ± 0.29 c |
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Zhang, H.; Zhang, X.; Chen, M.; Deng, X.; Pei, Y.; Zhang, J.; Chen, H.; Yang, S. Biochar Can Improve Absorption of Nitrogen in Chicken Manure by Black Soldier Fly. Life 2023, 13, 938. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13040938
Zhang H, Zhang X, Chen M, Deng X, Pei Y, Zhang J, Chen H, Yang S. Biochar Can Improve Absorption of Nitrogen in Chicken Manure by Black Soldier Fly. Life. 2023; 13(4):938. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13040938
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Haixu, Xilu Zhang, Mengxiao Chen, Xin Deng, Yaxin Pei, Jiran Zhang, Hongge Chen, and Sen Yang. 2023. "Biochar Can Improve Absorption of Nitrogen in Chicken Manure by Black Soldier Fly" Life 13, no. 4: 938. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13040938