Polymorphisms of the GCLC Gene Are Novel Genetic Markers for Susceptibility to Psoriasis Associated with Alcohol Abuse and Cigarette Smoking
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Participants and Clinical Examination
2.2. Selection of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)
2.3. Genetic Analysis
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Baseline and Clinical Characteristics of the Study Patients
3.2. Association of GCLC Gene Polymorphisms with the Risk of Psoriasis
3.3. Joint Effects of GCLC Gene Polymorphisms on the Risk of Psoriasis
3.4. Gene–Environment Interactions and Psoriasis Risk
3.5. Replication of Associations between GCLC Gene Polymorphisms and Psoriasis Risk in a Population of UK Biobank
3.6. Association of GCLC Gene Polymorphisms with Clinical Features of Psoriasis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Patients with Psoriasis n = 474 | Healthy Controls n = 470 | p-Value * |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline characteristics | |||
Age, mean ± standard deviation | 44.3 ± 13.6 | 55.3 ± 6.7 | <0.0001 |
Males, n (%) | 252 (53.2) | 234 (49.8) | 0.30 |
Females, n (%) | 222 (46.8) | 236 (50.2) | |
Risk factors | |||
Smokers, (ever/never), n (%) | 168 (35.4) | 148 (31.5) | 0.20 |
Alcohol abusers 1, n (%) | 105 (21.2) | 7 (3.2) | <0.0001 |
Location of psoriatic lesions | |||
Psoriatic triad | 256 (54.0) | - | - |
Scalp | 227 (47.9) | - | |
Trunk | 160 (33.08) | - | - |
Hands | 379 (80.0) | - | - |
Legs | 272 (57.4) | - | - |
Joints | 128 (27.0) | - | - |
Low back | 24 (5.1) | - | - |
Knees | 59 (12.4) | - | - |
Hips | 21 (4.4) | - | - |
Elbows | 33 (7.0) | - | - |
Fingers | 60 (12.6) | - | - |
Ankles | 24 (5.1) | - | - |
Feet/toes | 23 (4.9) | - | - |
Thumbs | 18 (3.8) | - | - |
Shoulders | 11 (2.3) | - | - |
Wrists | 33 (7.0) | - | - |
Nails | 123 (25.9) | - | - |
Comorbidities | |||
Type 2 diabetes, n (%) | 15 (3.2) | - | - |
Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 106 (22.6) | - | - |
Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 27 (5.7) | - | - |
Cerebral stroke, n (%) | 9 (1.9) | - | - |
Chronic thyroid disease, n (%) | 7 (1.5) | - | - |
Chronic renal disease, n (%) | 30 (6.4) | - | - |
Chronic gastric disease, n (%) | 33 (7.0) | - | - |
Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%) | 7 (1.5) | - | - |
Oncological disease, n (%) | 8 (1.7) | - | - |
SNP ID | Minor Allele | N | Permutation p-Values (Pperm) Estimated for Genetic Models of SNP–Disease Associations | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allelic | Additive | Dominant | Recessive | |||
Entire groups | ||||||
rs524553 | T | 939 | 0.36 | 0.28 | 0.42 | 0.20 |
rs542914 | A | 941 | 0.18 | 0.23 | 0.67 | 0.11 |
rs648595 | G | 941 | 0.21 | 0.58 | 1.00 | 0.13 |
rs6933870 | G | 942 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.86 |
rs2397147 | C | 940 | 0.48 | 0.29 | 0.86 | 0.40 |
rs17883901 | A | 810 | 0.63 | 0.78 | 1.00 | 0.15 |
Males | ||||||
rs524553 | T | 485 | 0.38 | 0.43 | 0.50 | 0.20 |
rs542914 | A | 485 | 0.55 | 0.41 | 1.00 | 0.28 |
rs648595 | G | 484 | 0.048 | 0.23 | 0.86 | 0.017 |
rs6933870 | G | 485 | 0.25 | 0.13 | 0.32 | 0.09 |
rs2397147 | C | 484 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.31 | 0.05 |
rs17883901 | A | 418 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.33 |
Females | ||||||
rs524553 | T | 454 | 0.78 | 0.67 | 0.58 | 0.78 |
rs542914 | A | 456 | 0.59 | 0.32 | 0.59 | 0.48 |
rs648595 | G | 457 | 1.00 | 0.64 | 0.52 | 0.78 |
rs6933870 | G | 457 | 0.32 | 0.45 | 0.55 | 0.22 |
rs2397147 | C | 456 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.59 | 0.43 |
rs17883901 | A | 392 | 0.58 | 0.78 | 0.67 | 0.06 |
SNP | Genotype/ Allele | Healthy Controls n (%) 1 | Patients with Psoriasis n (%) 1 | OR 2 (95% CI) | Pperm3 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Entire groups | |||||
rs524553 | C/C | 273 (58.3) | 285 (60.5) | 0.67 (0.34–1.30) | 0.20 R |
C/T | 173 (37.0) | 171 (36.3) | |||
T/T | 22 (4.7) | 15 (3.2) | |||
T | 217 (23.2) | 201 (21.3) | 0.90 (0.72–1.12) | 0.36 | |
rs542914 | C/C | 168 (35.8) | 174 (36.9) | 0.75 (0.52–1.08) | 0.11 R |
C/A | 227 (48.4) | 240 (50.9) | |||
A/A | 74 (15.8) | 58 (12.3) | |||
A | 375 (40.0) | 356 (37.7) | 0.91 (0.76–1.09) | 0.18 | |
rs648595 | T/T | 147 (31.4) | 144 (30.4) | 0.75 (0.54–1.05) | 0.13 R |
T/G | 225 (48.1) | 252 (53.3) | |||
G/G | 96 (20.5) | 77 (16.3) | |||
G | 417 (44.6) | 406 (42.9) | 0.94 (0.78–1.12) | 0.21 | |
rs6933870 | C/C | 160 (34.0) | 163 (34.5) | 0.93 (0.65–1.33) | 0.86 R |
C/G | 237 (50.4) | 240 (50.9) | |||
G/G | 73 (15.5) | 69 (14.6) | |||
G | 383 (40.7) | 378 (40.0) | 0.97 (0.81–1.17) | 0.99 | |
rs2397147 | T/T | 183 (39.2) | 198 (41.9) | 0.90 (0.74–1.09) | 0.29 A |
T/C | 231 (49.5) | 230 (48.6) | |||
C/C | 53 (11.3) | 45 (9.5) | |||
C | 337 (36.1) | 320 (33.8) | 0.91 (0.75–1.09) | 0.48 | |
rs17883901 | G/G | 334 (89.1) | 388 (89.2) | 0.43 (0.11–1.72) | 0.15 R |
G/A | 35 (9.3) | 44 (10.1) | |||
A/A | 6 (1.6) | 3 (0.7) | |||
A | 47 (6.3) | 50 (5.7) | 0.91 (0.60–1.38) | 0.63 | |
Males | |||||
rs524553 | C/C | 137 (58.5) | 152 (60.6) | 0.56 (0.23–1.38) | 0.20 R |
C/T | 84 (35.9) | 91 (36.2) | |||
T/T | 13 (5.6) | 8 (3.2) | |||
T | 110 (23.5) | 107 (21.3) | 0.88 (0.65–1.19) | 0.38 | |
rs542914 | C/C | 81 (34.6) | 87 (34.7) | 0.75 (0.44–1.26) | 0.28 R |
C/A | 117 (50.0) | 134 (53.4) | |||
A/A | 36 (15.4) | 30 (11.9) | |||
A | 189 (40.4) | 194 (38.6) | 0.93 (0.72–1.20) | 0.55 | |
rs648595 | T/T | 71 (30.5) | 78 (31.1) | 0.56 (0.35–0.90) | 0.017 R |
T/G | 110 (47.2) | 138 (55.0) | |||
G/G | 52 (22.3) | 35 (13.9) | |||
G | 214 (45.9) | 208 (41.4) | 0.83 (0.65–1.07) | 0.048 | |
rs6933870 | C/C | 73 (31.2) | 87 (34.7) | 0.64 (0.38–1.06) | 0.09 R |
C/G | 120 (51.3) | 134 (53.4) | |||
G/G | 41 (17.5) | 30 (11.9) | |||
G | 202 (43.2) | 194 (38.6) | 0.83 (0.64–1.07) | 0.25 | |
rs2397147 | T/T | 85 (36.5) | 101 (40.2) | 0.54 (0.30–0.98) | 0.05 R |
T/C | 116 (49.8) | 130 (51.8) | |||
C/C | 32 (13.7) | 20 (8.0) | |||
C | 180 (38.6) | 170 (33.9) | 0.81 (0.63–1.06) | 0.11 | |
rs17883901 | G/G | 167 (89.3) | 204 (88.3) | 0.54 (0.09–3.24) | 0.33 R |
G/A | 17 (9.1) | 25 (10.8) | |||
A/A | 3 (1.6) | 2 (0.9) | |||
A | 23 (6.1) | 29 (6.3) | 1.02 (0.58–1.80 | 0.99 | |
Females | |||||
rs524553 | C/C | 136 (58.1) | 133 (60.5) | 0.91 (0.62–1.32) | 0.58 D |
C/T | 89 (38.0) | 80 (36.4) | |||
T/T | 9 (3.8) | 7 (3.2) | |||
T | 107 (22.9) | 94 (21.4) | 0.92 (0.67–1.25) | 0.78 | |
rs542914 | C/C | 87 (37.0) | 87 (39.4) | 0.88 (0.68–1.15) | 0.32 A |
C/A | 110 (46.8) | 106 (48) | |||
A/A | 38 (16.2) | 28 (12.7) | |||
A | 186 (39.6) | 162 (36.7) | 0.88 (0.68–1.15) | 0.59 | |
rs648595 | T/T | 76 (32.3) | 66 (29.7) | 1.13 (0.76–1.68) | 0.52 D |
T/G | 115 (48.9) | 114 (51.4) | |||
G/G | 44 (18.7) | 42 (18.9) | |||
G | 203 (43.2) | 198 (44.6) | 1.06 (0.82–1.37) | 0.99 | |
rs6933870 | C/C | 87 (36.9) | 76 (34.4) | 1.37 (0.82–2.27) | 0.22 R |
C/G | 117 (49.6) | 106 (48.0) | |||
G/G | 32 (13.6) | 39 (17.6) | |||
G | 181 (38.3) | 184 (41.6) | 1.15 (0.88–1.49) | 0.32 | |
rs2397147 | T/T | 98 (41.9) | 97 (43.7) | 1.29 (0.70–2.37) | 0.43 R |
T/C | 115 (49.1) | 100 (45) | |||
C/C | 21 (9.0) | 25 (11.3) | |||
C | 157 (33.5) | 150 (33.8) | 1.01 (0.77–1.33) | 0.99 | |
rs17883901 | G/G | 167 (88.8) | 184 (90.2) | 0.30 (0.03–2.95) | 0.06 R |
G/A | 18 (9.6) | 19 (9.3) | |||
A/A | 3 (1.6) | 1 (0.5) | |||
A | 24 (6.4) | 21 (5.1) | 0.80 (0.44–1.45) | 0.58 |
Haplotypes | SNP | Patients with Psoriasis | Healthy Controls | Chi Square | p-Value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs524553 | rs542914 | rs648595 | rs6933870 | rs2397147 | rs17883901 | |||||
Entire groups | ||||||||||
H1 | C | C | T | C | T | G | 0.482 | 0.463 | 0.635 | 0.426 |
H2 | T | A | G | G | C | G | 0.154 | 0.162 | 0.192 | 0.661 |
H3 | C | A | G | G | C | G | 0.121 | 0.128 | 0.186 | 0.666 |
H4 | C | C | G | G | T | G | 0.056 | 0.043 | 1.681 | 0.195 |
H5 | C | A | T | C | T | G | 0.043 | 0.042 | 0.017 | 0.898 |
H6 | C | C | G | C | T | G | 0.032 | 0.027 | 0.422 | 0.516 |
H7 | C | C | T | C | T | A | 0.019 | 0.026 | 0.940 | 0.332 |
H8 | T | A | G | C | T | G | 0.017 | 0.027 | 2.247 | 0.134 |
H9 | T | A | G | G | C | A | 0.023 | 0.020 | 0.133 | 0.715 |
H10 | C | C | T | G | C | G | 0.018 | 0.018 | 0.016 | 0.900 |
H11 | C | A | G | G | C | A | 0.010 | 0.013 | 0.301 | 0.583 |
H12 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Males | ||||||||||
H1 | C | C | T | C | T | G | 0.495 | 0.457 | 1.407 | 0.236 |
H2 | T | A | G | G | C | G | 0.160 | 0.175 | 0.357 | 0.550 |
H3 | C | A | G | G | C | G | 0.115 | 0.136 | 0.989 | 0.320 |
H4 | C | C | G | G | T | G | 0.045 | 0.043 | 0.017 | 0.896 |
H5 | C | A | T | C | T | G | 0.048 | 0.030 | 2.040 | 0.153 |
H6 | C | C | G | C | T | G | 0.026 | 0.024 | 0.040 | 0.842 |
H7 | C | C | T | C | T | A | 0.020 | 0.024 | 0.223 | 0.637 |
H8 | T | A | G | C | T | G | 0.016 | 0.022 | 0.456 | 0.499 |
H9 | T | A | G | G | C | A | 0.025 | 0.018 | 0.604 | 0.437 |
H10 | C | C | T | G | C | G | 0.015 | 0.023 | 0.839 | 0.359 |
H11 | C | A | G | G | C | A | 0.013 | 0.014 | 0.030 | 0.863 |
H12 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Females | ||||||||||
H1 | C | C | T | C | T | G | 0.463 | 0.464 | 0.001 | 0.981 |
H2 | T | A | G | G | C | G | 0.150 | 0.158 | 0.109 | 0.741 |
H3 | C | A | G | G | C | G | 0.130 | 0.119 | 0.243 | 0.622 |
H4 | C | C | G | G | T | G | 0.069 | 0.045 | 2.445 | 0.118 |
H5 | C | A | T | C | T | G | 0.037 | 0.052 | 1.155 | 0.283 |
H6 | C | C | G | C | T | G | 0.034 | 0.027 | 0.418 | 0.518 |
H7 | C | C | T | C | T | A | 0.023 | 0.028 | 0.321 | 0.571 |
H8 | T | A | G | C | T | G | 0.018 | 0.031 | 1.511 | 0.219 |
H9 | T | A | G | G | C | A | 0.017 | 0.017 | 0.010 | 0.919 |
H10 | C | C | T | G | C | G | 0.021 | 0.013 | 0.761 | 0.383 |
H11 | C | A | G | G | C | A | - | - | - | - |
H12 | T | C | G | G | C | G | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.001 | 0.983 |
Genotype Combination | Patients | Controls | p-Value | OR (95% CI) 3 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n 1 | % 2 | n 1 | % 2 | |||
Entire groups | ||||||
rs542914-C/C × rs648595-G/T | 55 | 11.7 | 35 | 7.5 | 0.03 | 1.63 (1.04–2.54) |
rs648595-G/G × rs6933870-C/G | 13 | 2.8 | 28 | 6.0 | 0.016 | 0.45 (0.23–0.87) |
Males | ||||||
rs524553-C/C × rs648595-G/G | 7 | 2.8 | 18 | 7.7 | 0.025 | 0.36 (0.15–0.85) |
rs524553-C/C × rs6933870-G/G | 6 | 2.4 | 15 | 6.4 | 0.05 | 0.37 (0.15–0.95) |
rs542914-A/A × rs648595-G/G | 19 | 7.6 | 31 | 13.3 | 0.038 | 0.54 (0.30–0.98) |
rs648595-G/G × rs17883901-G/G | 21 | 9.1 | 33 | 17.7 | 0.009 | 0.47 (0.26–0.84) |
rs6933870-G/G × rs2397147-C/C | 20 | 8.0 | 32 | 13.7 | 0.042 | 0.55 (0.30–0.99) |
rs6933870-G/G × rs17883901-G/G | 19 | 8.2 | 27 | 14.4 | 0.044 | 0.53 (0.29–0.99) |
rs2397147-C/C × rs17883901-G/G | 11 | 4.8 | 21 | 11.2 | 0.014 | 0.40 (0.19–0.85) |
Females | ||||||
rs6933870-G/G × rs17883901-G/G | 32 | 15.8 | 17 | 9.0 | 0.045 | 1.88 (1.01–3.52) |
SNP ID | Minor Allele | Permutation p-Values (Pperm) Estimated for Genetic Models of SNP–Disease Associations | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Genetic Models | N | Genetic Models | ||||||||
Allelic | Additive | Dominant | Recessive | Allelic | Additive | Dominant | Recessive | ||||
Smokers | Non-smokers | ||||||||||
rs524553 | T | 315 | 1.00 | 0.52 | 0.63 | 0.64 | 624 | 0.46 | 0.43 | 0.86 | 0.34 |
rs542914 | A | 315 | 0.86 | 0.55 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 626 | 0.21 | 0.59 | 0.86 | 0.10 |
rs648595 | G | 316 | 0.12 | 0.44 | 0.52 | 0.049 | 625 | 0.86 | 0.78 | 1.00 | 0.52 |
rs6933870 | G | 315 | 0.65 | 0.52 | 0.86 | 0.59 | 627 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.86 | 0.67 |
rs2397147 | C | 315 | 0.67 | 0.33 | 0.48 | 0.25 | 625 | 0.86 | 0.46 | 0.39 | 0.73 |
rs17883901 | A | 275 | 0.24 | 0.16 | 0.09 | 1.00 | 535 | 0.18 | 0.11 | 0.18 | 0.002 |
Alcohol abusers | Non-drinkers | ||||||||||
rs524553 | T | 110 | 0.26 | 0.09 | 0.10 | NA | 580 | 0.24 | 0.08 | 0.20 | 0.15 |
rs542914 | A | 112 | 0.11 | 0.053 | 0.06 | NA | 579 | 0.034 | 0.026 | 0.16 | 0.015 |
rs648595 | G | 112 | 0.33 | 0.19 | 0.58 | NA | 580 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.26 | 0.03 |
rs6933870 | G | 111 | 0.18 | 0.11 | 0.23 | NA | 581 | 0.29 | 0.14 | 0.18 | 0.27 |
rs2397147 | C | 112 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 0.14 | NA | 579 | 0.20 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.25 |
rs17883901 | A | 98 | 0.79 | NA | NA | NA | 498 | 0.55 | 0.48 | 0.67 | 0.09 |
Psoriasis Phenotype 2 | Variant | Eff, Allele | Beta | OR Beta | p-Value | MAF | HWE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
psoriasis | rs524553 | T | 0.00030445 | 1.03 | 0.24054 | 0.248703 | 0.8257 |
L40 Psoriasis | rs524553 | T | 0.00014144 | 1.03 | 0.43139 | 0.248703 | 0.8257 |
psoriasis | rs542914 | A | 0.00031437 | 1.03 | 0.16739 | 0.409665 | 0.7591 |
L40 Psoriasis | rs542914 | A | 0.00018358 | 1.03 | 0.24466 | 0.409665 | 0.7591 |
psoriasis | rs648595 | G | 0.00034186 | 1.03 | 0.12131 | 0.485677 | 0.2804 |
L40 Psoriasis | rs648595 | G | 0.00019125 | 1.04 | 0.21101 | 0.485677 | 0.2804 |
psoriasis | rs6933870 | G | 0.00041555 | 1.04 | 0.062535 | 0.478105 | 0.1793 |
L40 Psoriasis | rs6933870 | G | 0.00015391 | 1.03 | 0.3195 | 0.478105 | 0.1793 |
psoriasis | rs2397147 | C | 0.00043391 | 1.04 | 0.057101 | 0.407803 | 0.6808 |
L40 Psoriasis | rs2397147 | C | 0.000164 | 1.03 | 0.29943 | 0.407803 | 0.6808 |
psoriasis | rs17883901 | G | −0.0001631 | 0.986 | 0.68281 | 0.0837 | 0.05018 |
L40 Psoriasis | rs17883901 | G | −0.0002265 | 0.959 | 0.4129 | 0.0837 | 0.05018 |
N | Variant | Position | Eff, Allele | Trait | Beta | p-Value | MAF |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Psoriasis phenotype: “psoriasis” (5175 cases and 447,089 controls) | |||||||
1 | rs183555084 | 53463377 | A | psoriasis | 0.0054328 | 0.00048311 | 0.005415 |
2 | rs536001584 | 53491157 | A | psoriasis | 0.0069889 | 0.0037087 | 0.002296 |
3 | rs78863400 | 53507843 | G | psoriasis | 0.0020045 | 0.0049101 | 0.0245 |
4 | rs114919458 | 53478492 | A | psoriasis | 0.0020638 | 0.0077221 | 0.020874 |
5 | rs77162334 | 53473387 | A | psoriasis | 0.0015616 | 0.0084049 | 0.036438 |
6 | rs547541077 | 53524639 | A | psoriasis | 0.0083841 | 0.011327 | 0.001201 |
7 | rs55661362 | 53463674 | G | psoriasis | 0.0026909 | 0.012278 | 0.011041 |
8 | rs78331008 | 53489705 | G | psoriasis | 0.0014586 | 0.014341 | 0.036042 |
9 | rs115558853 | 53325654 | C | psoriasis | −0.0019831 | 0.016188 | 0.018765 |
10 | rs6902510 | 53493460 | T | psoriasis | −0.00052994 | 0.019054 | 0.405458 |
11 | rs62398116 | 53405203 | G | psoriasis | −0.0008575 | 0.019471 | 0.110262 |
12 | rs189491343 | 53341496 | G | psoriasis | −0.0019418 | 0.020189 | 0.01847 |
13 | rs7762921 | 53319569 | T | psoriasis | −0.00065758 | 0.021591 | 0.1828 |
14 | rs62398159 | 53490625 | A | psoriasis | −0.00051684 | 0.022213 | 0.406839 |
15 | rs56013020 | 53390696 | A | psoriasis | 0.00082793 | 0.022789 | 0.103296 |
16 | rs7739121 | 53510423 | C | psoriasis | −0.00049679 | 0.024997 | 0.467815 |
17 | rs72944719 | 53358473 | G | psoriasis | −0.0010805 | 0.025673 | 0.05524 |
18 | rs7761225 | 53315323 | C | psoriasis | −0.00064261 | 0.025687 | 0.179565 |
19 | rs6458936 | 53314296 | G | psoriasis | −0.00064298 | 0.025697 | 0.179334 |
20 | rs1914707 | 53311047 | G | psoriasis | −0.00063643 | 0.026486 | 0.181629 |
21 | rs563831 | 53327107 | G | psoriasis | 0.00063512 | 0.026486 | 0.183707 |
22 | rs4715409 | 53511015 | T | psoriasis | −0.00049168 | 0.02667 | 0.467022 |
23 | rs1518511 | 53313237 | C | psoriasis | −0.00063702 | 0.027149 | 0.179343 |
24 | rs6908614 | 53501678 | T | psoriasis | −0.00048943 | 0.027196 | 0.462606 |
25 | rs642103 | 53323152 | G | psoriasis | −0.00062689 | 0.028507 | 0.18174 |
26 | rs1914706 | 53311463 | T | psoriasis | −0.00062752 | 0.028627 | 0.181766 |
27 | rs72943672 | 53399516 | T | psoriasis | −0.00074715 | 0.028945 | 0.1182 |
28 | rs6933919 | 53313748 | G | psoriasis | −0.00062901 | 0.029059 | 0.179555 |
29 | rs4712030 | 53317469 | A | psoriasis | −0.00062437 | 0.029102 | 0.181758 |
30 | rs1467408 | 53351289 | A | psoriasis | −0.00052426 | 0.029222 | 0.361091 |
31 | rs9382209 | 53311804 | G | psoriasis | −0.00062389 | 0.02952 | 0.18191 |
32 | rs149644917 | 53519358 | A | psoriasis | −0.010751 | 0.029585 | 0.000499 |
33 | rs1401155 | 53312629 | C | psoriasis | −0.00062709 | 0.029593 | 0.17955 |
34 | rs9357769 | 53508264 | C | psoriasis | 0.00048131 | 0.029829 | 0.4664 |
35 | rs6908786 | 53494357 | A | psoriasis | −0.00047818 | 0.03092 | 0.466556 |
36 | rs587178 | 53325255 | T | psoriasis | 0.00061535 | 0.031491 | 0.182191 |
37 | rs6901352 | 53500138 | C | psoriasis | −0.0004754 | 0.031615 | 0.466514 |
38 | rs6908860 | 53494615 | T | psoriasis | −0.00047638 | 0.031652 | 0.464814 |
39 | rs681682 | 53440021 | C | psoriasis | −0.0072738 | 0.032871 | 0.001361 |
40 | rs543473 | 53439524 | T | psoriasis | −0.0072796 | 0.032941 | 0.001359 |
41 | rs681585 | 53439958 | G | psoriasis | −0.0072742 | 0.033023 | 0.00136 |
42 | rs9474608 | 53505134 | A | psoriasis | −0.00047139 | 0.033072 | 0.466612 |
43 | rs681635 | 53439987 | A | psoriasis | −0.0072632 | 0.033272 | 0.001359 |
44 | rs2397146 | 53360119 | A | psoriasis | −0.00053256 | 0.033642 | 0.273716 |
45 | rs607285 | 53326491 | T | psoriasis | 0.00060766 | 0.033745 | 0.182155 |
46 | rs62416866 | 53398370 | A | psoriasis | −0.00077679 | 0.033936 | 0.100838 |
47 | rs742528 | 53360191 | A | psoriasis | −0.00052981 | 0.034548 | 0.273993 |
48 | rs623928 | 53335695 | T | psoriasis | 0.00061135 | 0.034551 | 0.180506 |
49 | rs629162 | 53326283 | G | psoriasis | 0.00060422 | 0.034685 | 0.182369 |
50 | rs676637 | 53335353 | C | psoriasis | 0.00061072 | 0.03473 | 0.180538 |
51 | rs624432 | 53335555 | G | psoriasis | 0.00061046 | 0.034804 | 0.180555 |
52 | rs642625 | 53333732 | T | psoriasis | 0.00061027 | 0.034833 | 0.180511 |
53 | rs618033 | 53339289 | T | psoriasis | 0.00061046 | 0.034957 | 0.180357 |
54 | rs600722 | 53332887 | T | psoriasis | 0.00060973 | 0.034961 | 0.180513 |
55 | rs631783 | 53338531 | A | psoriasis | 0.00060876 | 0.035396 | 0.180454 |
56 | rs619955 | 53338845 | T | psoriasis | 0.00060877 | 0.035396 | 0.180457 |
57 | rs485371 | 53341627 | T | psoriasis | 0.00060874 | 0.035527 | 0.180356 |
58 | rs12196344 | 53457292 | A | psoriasis | −0.00048763 | 0.036061 | 0.404087 |
59 | rs9367538 | 53506487 | G | psoriasis | −0.00046273 | 0.036479 | 0.466245 |
60 | rs7764361 | 53492467 | C | psoriasis | 0.00046427 | 0.037421 | 0.456163 |
61 | rs663087 | 53342704 | T | psoriasis | 0.00060223 | 0.037659 | 0.180217 |
62 | rs646403 | 53347484 | T | psoriasis | 0.00059431 | 0.040381 | 0.180136 |
63 | rs12194171 | 53464937 | C | psoriasis | 0.00046011 | 0.041523 | 0.3968 |
64 | rs11756739 | 53316777 | A | psoriasis | 0.0029885 | 0.04429 | 0.006094 |
65 | rs4712031 | 53320273 | G | psoriasis | −0.00056517 | 0.04448 | 0.190022 |
66 | rs2092421 | 53473076 | A | psoriasis | −0.00045072 | 0.045589 | 0.398208 |
67 | rs4269374 | 53461179 | G | psoriasis | −0.00044872 | 0.04647 | 0.397012 |
68 | rs9349679 | 53470507 | A | psoriasis | −0.00044669 | 0.047497 | 0.39642 |
69 | rs34997452 | 53518439 | T | psoriasis | −0.0027868 | 0.047543 | 0.006643 |
70 | rs10807461 | 53472150 | T | psoriasis | −0.00044608 | 0.047762 | 0.398057 |
71 | rs738472 | 53477038 | C | psoriasis | −0.00045789 | 0.048043 | 0.353182 |
72 | rs6458946 | 53472830 | T | psoriasis | −0.00044442 | 0.048672 | 0.397982 |
73 | rs114749455 | 53489865 | G | psoriasis | 0.0022206 | 0.048751 | 0.0103 |
74 | rs2143399 | 53461749 | A | psoriasis | −0.00044292 | 0.049341 | 0.397029 |
75 | rs74357476 | 53476523 | T | psoriasis | 0.0014009 | 0.050596 | 0.025311 |
Psoriasis phenotype: “L40 Psoriasis” (2437 cases and 449,827 controls) | |||||||
1 | rs185956124 | 53496212 | C | L40 Psoriasis | 0.0026856 | 0.0036274 | 0.00747649 |
2 | rs547541077 | 53524639 | A | L40 Psoriasis | 0.0065265 | 0.0044446 | 0.00120121 |
3 | rs189622943 | 53509408 | T | L40 Psoriasis | 0.0035101 | 0.0095446 | 0.00341133 |
4 | rs183043870 | 53509634 | G | L40 Psoriasis | 0.0035128 | 0.0095673 | 0.00341141 |
5 | rs78735978 | 53360036 | C | L40 Psoriasis | 0.0012576 | 0.015913 | 0.0231714 |
6 | rs41271287 | 53370147 | T | L40 Psoriasis | 0.0011902 | 0.018795 | 0.0236652 |
7 | rs17215384 | 53510321 | T | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00039365 | 0.02118 | 0.28084 |
8 | rs77516417 | 53373662 | A | L40 Psoriasis | −0.001175 | 0.021204 | 0.02313 |
9 | rs574202 | 53481989 | G | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00035417 | 0.021427 | 0.489829 |
10 | rs12661112 | 53486714 | A | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00037194 | 0.021838 | 0.343991 |
11 | rs563699 | 53479410 | C | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00035124 | 0.022359 | 0.490659 |
12 | rs558026 | 53478773 | A | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00035803 | 0.022979 | 0.392597 |
13 | rs583513 | 53477688 | T | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00034605 | 0.024098 | 0.491525 |
14 | rs7759126 | 53484485 | C | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00035645 | 0.028105 | 0.343339 |
15 | rs12665537 | 53509452 | G | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00035343 | 0.030008 | 0.33107 |
16 | rs67228890 | 53511814 | G | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00034794 | 0.034841 | 0.327456 |
17 | rs74449072 | 53521238 | G | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00061918 | 0.039019 | 0.0749875 |
18 | rs7764361 | 53492467 | C | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00031881 | 0.039179 | 0.456163 |
19 | rs9382225 | 53511696 | T | L40 Psoriasis | −0.00033714 | 0.039962 | 0.328914 |
20 | rs5020412 | 53349885 | C | L40 Psoriasis | 0.00084548 | 0.041197 | 0.0354 |
21 | rs4715412 | 53511836 | T | L40 Psoriasis | −0.00033138 | 0.044253 | 0.328611 |
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Share and Cite
Efanova, E.; Bushueva, O.; Saranyuk, R.; Surovtseva, A.; Churnosov, M.; Solodilova, M.; Polonikov, A. Polymorphisms of the GCLC Gene Are Novel Genetic Markers for Susceptibility to Psoriasis Associated with Alcohol Abuse and Cigarette Smoking. Life 2023, 13, 1316. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13061316
Efanova E, Bushueva O, Saranyuk R, Surovtseva A, Churnosov M, Solodilova M, Polonikov A. Polymorphisms of the GCLC Gene Are Novel Genetic Markers for Susceptibility to Psoriasis Associated with Alcohol Abuse and Cigarette Smoking. Life. 2023; 13(6):1316. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13061316
Chicago/Turabian StyleEfanova, Ekaterina, Olga Bushueva, Roman Saranyuk, Anna Surovtseva, Mikhail Churnosov, Maria Solodilova, and Alexey Polonikov. 2023. "Polymorphisms of the GCLC Gene Are Novel Genetic Markers for Susceptibility to Psoriasis Associated with Alcohol Abuse and Cigarette Smoking" Life 13, no. 6: 1316. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13061316