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Article

Performance Analysis of Self-Collected Nasal and Oral Swabs for Detection of SARS-CoV-2

by
Ho-Jae Lim
1,2,
Young-Hyun Baek
1,
Min-Young Park
1,
Jae-Hyun Yang
3,
Min-Jin Kim
1,
Nackmoon Sung
4,
Yong-Hak Sohn
1,
Sun-Hwa Lee
5,
Jung-Eun Park
2,*,† and
Yong-Jin Yang
1,*,†
1
Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul 04805, Korea
2
Department of Integrative Biological Sciences & BK21 FOUR Educational Research Group for Age-Associated Disorder Control Technology, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
3
Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
4
Clinical Research Institute, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul 04805, Korea
5
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul 04805, Korea
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Diagnostics 2022, 12(10), 2279; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102279
Submission received: 24 August 2022 / Revised: 19 September 2022 / Accepted: 19 September 2022 / Published: 21 September 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue SARS-CoV-2 Identification by Diagnostic/Medical Laboratory: Methods, Statistics, Interesting Cases)
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Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third highly pathogenic human coronavirus and is rapidly transmitted by infected individuals regardless of their symptoms. During the COVID-19 pandemic, owing to the dearth of skilled healthcare workers (HCWs) to collect samples for early diagnosis, self-collection emerged as a viable alternative. To evaluate the reliability of self-collection, we compared the virus detection rate using 3990 self-collected swabs and HCW-collected swabs, procured from the same individuals and collected immediately after the self-collection. The results of multiplex reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that the viral load in the HCW-collected swabs was marginally (18.4–28.8 times) higher than that in self-collected swabs. Self-collection showed no significant difference in sensitivity and specificity from HCW-collection (κ = 0.87, McNemar’s test; p = 0.19), indicating a comparable performance. These findings suggest that self-collected swabs are acceptable substitutes for HCW-collected swabs, and that their use improved the specimen screening efficiency and reduced the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; mRT-qPCR; HCW-collection; self-collection; large-scale sampling; viral load SARS-CoV-2; mRT-qPCR; HCW-collection; self-collection; large-scale sampling; viral load

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lim, H.-J.; Baek, Y.-H.; Park, M.-Y.; Yang, J.-H.; Kim, M.-J.; Sung, N.; Sohn, Y.-H.; Lee, S.-H.; Park, J.-E.; Yang, Y.-J. Performance Analysis of Self-Collected Nasal and Oral Swabs for Detection of SARS-CoV-2. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 2279. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102279

AMA Style

Lim H-J, Baek Y-H, Park M-Y, Yang J-H, Kim M-J, Sung N, Sohn Y-H, Lee S-H, Park J-E, Yang Y-J. Performance Analysis of Self-Collected Nasal and Oral Swabs for Detection of SARS-CoV-2. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(10):2279. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102279

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lim, Ho-Jae, Young-Hyun Baek, Min-Young Park, Jae-Hyun Yang, Min-Jin Kim, Nackmoon Sung, Yong-Hak Sohn, Sun-Hwa Lee, Jung-Eun Park, and Yong-Jin Yang. 2022. "Performance Analysis of Self-Collected Nasal and Oral Swabs for Detection of SARS-CoV-2" Diagnostics 12, no. 10: 2279. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102279

APA Style

Lim, H.-J., Baek, Y.-H., Park, M.-Y., Yang, J.-H., Kim, M.-J., Sung, N., Sohn, Y.-H., Lee, S.-H., Park, J.-E., & Yang, Y.-J. (2022). Performance Analysis of Self-Collected Nasal and Oral Swabs for Detection of SARS-CoV-2. Diagnostics, 12(10), 2279. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102279

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