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Volume 14
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10.3390/diagnostics14090933
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Article

Influence of Achalasia on the Spirometry Flow–Volume Curve and Peak Expiratory Flow

by
Jelena Jankovic
1,2,
Branislava Milenkovic
1,2,
Aleksandar Simic
2,3,
Ognjan Skrobic
2,3,
Arschang Valipour
4,
Nenad Ivanovic
3,
Ivana Buha
1,2,
Jelena Milin-Lazovic
2,5,
Natasa Djurdjevic
1,2,
Aleksandar Jandric
1,
Nikola Colic
2,6,
Stefan Stojkovic
7 and
Mihailo Stjepanovic
1,2,*
1
Clinic for Pulmonology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
2
Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
3
Clinic for Digestive Surgery, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
4
Karl Landsteiner Institute for Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna Health Care Group, 1210 Vienna, Austria
5
Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
6
Center for Radiology and MR, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
7
Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2024, 14(9), 933; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14090933
Submission received: 2 April 2024 / Revised: 25 April 2024 / Accepted: 26 April 2024 / Published: 29 April 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Liver Diseases and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)
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Abstract

Background: Achalasia is an esophageal motor disorder characterized by aperistalsis and the failure of the relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. We want to find out whether external compression or recurrent micro-aspiration of undigested food has a functional effect on the airway. Methods: The aim of this research was to analyze the influence of achalasia on the peak expiratory flow and flow–volume curve. All of the 110 patients performed spirometry. Results: The mean diameter of the esophagus was 5.4 ± 2.1 cm, and nine of the patients had mega-esophagus. Seven patients had a plateau in the inspiratory part of the flow–volume curve, which coincides with the patients who had mega-esophagus. The rest of the patients had a plateau in the expiration part of the curve. The existence of a plateau in the diameter of the esophagus of more than 5 cm was significant (p 0.003). Statistical significance between the existence of a plateau and a lowered PEF (PEF < 80) has been proven (p 0.001). Also, a statistical significance between the subtype and diameter of more than 4 cm has been proved. There was no significant improvement in the PEF values after operation. In total, 20.9% of patients had a spirometry abnormality finding. The frequency of the improvement in the spirometry values after surgery did not differ significantly by achalasia subtype. The improvement in FEV1 was statistically significant compared to the FVC values. Conclusions: Awareness of the influence of achalasia on the pulmonary parameters is important because low values of PEF with a plateau on the spirometry loop can lead to misdiagnosis. The recognition of various patterns of the spirometry loop may help in identifying airway obstruction caused by another non-pulmonary disease such as achalasia.
Keywords: achalasia; spirometry; PEF; flow–volume curve achalasia; spirometry; PEF; flow–volume curve

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MDPI and ACS Style

Jankovic, J.; Milenkovic, B.; Simic, A.; Skrobic, O.; Valipour, A.; Ivanovic, N.; Buha, I.; Milin-Lazovic, J.; Djurdjevic, N.; Jandric, A.; et al. Influence of Achalasia on the Spirometry Flow–Volume Curve and Peak Expiratory Flow. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 933. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14090933

AMA Style

Jankovic J, Milenkovic B, Simic A, Skrobic O, Valipour A, Ivanovic N, Buha I, Milin-Lazovic J, Djurdjevic N, Jandric A, et al. Influence of Achalasia on the Spirometry Flow–Volume Curve and Peak Expiratory Flow. Diagnostics. 2024; 14(9):933. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14090933

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jankovic, Jelena, Branislava Milenkovic, Aleksandar Simic, Ognjan Skrobic, Arschang Valipour, Nenad Ivanovic, Ivana Buha, Jelena Milin-Lazovic, Natasa Djurdjevic, Aleksandar Jandric, and et al. 2024. "Influence of Achalasia on the Spirometry Flow–Volume Curve and Peak Expiratory Flow" Diagnostics 14, no. 9: 933. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14090933

APA Style

Jankovic, J., Milenkovic, B., Simic, A., Skrobic, O., Valipour, A., Ivanovic, N., Buha, I., Milin-Lazovic, J., Djurdjevic, N., Jandric, A., Colic, N., Stojkovic, S., & Stjepanovic, M. (2024). Influence of Achalasia on the Spirometry Flow–Volume Curve and Peak Expiratory Flow. Diagnostics, 14(9), 933. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14090933

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