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Volume 15
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10.3390/diagnostics15060743
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Article

Application of Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Quantitative Analysis of Plasmalogens in Preadolescent Children—The Hokkaido Study

by
Yifan Chen
1,
Siddabasave Gowda B. Gowda
1,2,
Divyavani Gowda
1,
Jayashankar Jayaprakash
2,
Lipsa Rani Nath
2,
Atusko Ikeda
1,3,
Yu Ait Bamai
3,
Rahel Mesfin Ketema
1,3,
Reiko Kishi
3,
Hitoshi Chiba
4 and
Shu-Ping Hui
1,*
1
Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
2
Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan
3
Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
4
Department of Nutrition, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Nakanuma Nishi-4-2-1-15, Higashi-ku, Sapporo 070-0894, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2025, 15(6), 743; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15060743
Submission received: 7 February 2025 / Revised: 28 February 2025 / Accepted: 14 March 2025 / Published: 16 March 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) in the Clinical Laboratory)
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Abstract

Background: Plasmalogens (Pls) are phospholipids with a unique structure, abundant in the brain and heart. Due to their chemical instability and analytical difficulties, less information is available compared to other phospholipids. The importance of Pls in several cellular processes is known, one of which is their protective effect against oxidative damage. The physiological role of Pls in human development has not been elucidated. Despite their clinical importance, the quantitative analysis of Pls in children’s plasma has been limited. Methods: This study aims to determine the plasma levels of Pls in prepubertal children using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The plasma samples used were obtained from 9- to 12-year-old girls (n = 156) and boys (n = 178), n = 334 in total, who participated in the Hokkaido study. Results: Ethanolamine plasmalogen (PlsEtn) and choline plasmalogen (PlsCho), both carrying eicosapentaenoic acid, were significantly lower in girls than in boys. In both sexes, the plasmalogen levels for the 12-year-old children were lower than those for the 9-year-old children. PlsCho (16:0/18:2) was lower in the overweight children than in the normal-weight children for both sexes. PlsEtn (18:0/20:4) was the most abundant ethanolamine-type plasmalogen in both sexes. Conclusions: This study is the first report on plasmalogen levels and molecular types in children’s plasma. This study provides the information needed to understand the role of Pls in human developmental processes and may open up new opportunities in the future to control age-related changes in Pls.
Keywords: plasmalogens; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; children’s plasma; overweight plasmalogens; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; children’s plasma; overweight

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chen, Y.; Gowda, S.G.B.; Gowda, D.; Jayaprakash, J.; Nath, L.R.; Ikeda, A.; Bamai, Y.A.; Ketema, R.M.; Kishi, R.; Chiba, H.; et al. Application of Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Quantitative Analysis of Plasmalogens in Preadolescent Children—The Hokkaido Study. Diagnostics 2025, 15, 743. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15060743

AMA Style

Chen Y, Gowda SGB, Gowda D, Jayaprakash J, Nath LR, Ikeda A, Bamai YA, Ketema RM, Kishi R, Chiba H, et al. Application of Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Quantitative Analysis of Plasmalogens in Preadolescent Children—The Hokkaido Study. Diagnostics. 2025; 15(6):743. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15060743

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chen, Yifan, Siddabasave Gowda B. Gowda, Divyavani Gowda, Jayashankar Jayaprakash, Lipsa Rani Nath, Atusko Ikeda, Yu Ait Bamai, Rahel Mesfin Ketema, Reiko Kishi, Hitoshi Chiba, and et al. 2025. "Application of Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Quantitative Analysis of Plasmalogens in Preadolescent Children—The Hokkaido Study" Diagnostics 15, no. 6: 743. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15060743

APA Style

Chen, Y., Gowda, S. G. B., Gowda, D., Jayaprakash, J., Nath, L. R., Ikeda, A., Bamai, Y. A., Ketema, R. M., Kishi, R., Chiba, H., & Hui, S.-P. (2025). Application of Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Quantitative Analysis of Plasmalogens in Preadolescent Children—The Hokkaido Study. Diagnostics, 15(6), 743. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15060743

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