Wooded Semi-Natural Habitats Complement Permanent Grasslands in Supporting Wild Bee Diversity in Agricultural Landscapes
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site and Sampling Design
2.2. Data collection
2.3. Data Analysis
2.3.1. Abundance and Diversity Analyses
2.3.2. Pollen Availability and Preference
2.3.3. Network Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Bee Communities within and between SNH Types
3.2. Plant Communities within and between SNH Types
3.3. Pollen Selection by Wild Bees
3.4. Bee–Pollen Interaction Network
4. Discussion
4.1. Wooded Habitats Have Specific Bee and Plant Communities
4.2. Wooded Habitats Provide Specific and Over-Selected Floral Resources
4.3. Wooded Habitats Participate in the Diversity of Interactions in Plant–Bee Networks
4.4. Management of SNH in Agricultural Landscapes
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Data availability
Appendix A. Complete List of Bee Species
bee species | |
Andrena agilissima | Eucera nigrescens |
Andrena alfkenella | Eucera nigrifacies |
Andrena carantonica | Eucera numida |
Andrena cineraria | Eucera taurica |
Andrena dorsata | Halictus scabiosae |
Andrena flavipes | Halictus simplex |
Andrena florea | Halictus smaragdulus |
Andrena fulvago | Halictus subauratus |
Andrena haemorrhoa | Halictus tumulorum |
Andrena impunctata | Hylaeus brevicornis |
Andrena labialis | Hylaeus communis |
Andrena labiata | Hylaeus gibbus |
Andrena lathyri | Lasioglossum albipes |
Andrena minutula | Lasioglossum corvinum |
Andrena nigroaenea | Lasioglossum discum |
Andrena ovatula | Lasioglossum glabriusculum |
Andrena ranunculi | Lasioglossum interruptum |
Andrena simontornyella | Lasioglossum laevigatum |
Andrena strohmella | Lasioglossum lativentre |
Andrena subopaca | Lasioglossum leucozonium |
Andrena variabilis | Lasioglossum malachurum |
Andrena ventricosa | Lasioglossum medinai |
Andrena vetula | Lasioglossum morio |
Andrena viridescens | Lasioglossum pallens |
Anthidium manicatum | Lasioglossum pauxillum |
Anthophora plumipes | Lasioglossum politum |
Bombus hortorum | Lasioglossum punctatissimum |
Bombus lapidarius | Lasioglossum puncticolle |
Bombus lucorum | Lasioglossum villosulum |
Bombus pascuorum | Lasioglossum zonulum |
Bombus pomorum | Nomada basalis |
Bombus pratorum | Nomada kohli |
Bombus sylvarum | Nomada striata |
Bombus terrestris | Osmia bicornis |
Ceratina cucurbitina | Osmia brevicornis |
Ceratina cyanea | Osmia caerulescens |
Chelostoma florisomne | Osmia niveata |
Eucera clypeata | Sphecodes gibbus |
Eucera longicornis |
Appendix B. Complete List of Pollen Species and Genera
pollen species | |
Ajuga reptans L. | Lotus corniculatus L. |
Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. | Medicago lupulina L. |
Bellis perennis L. | Medicago sativa L. |
Brassica napus L. | Medicago spp |
Brassica spp | Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. |
Bryonia dioica Jacq. | Muscari comosum (L.) Mill. |
Carduus sp | Origanum vulgare L. |
Centaurea cyanus L. | Papaver rhoeas L. |
Centaurea decipiens Thuill. | Pilosella officinarum Vaill. |
Centaurea jacea L. | Polygonum spp |
Centaurea nigra L. | Potentilla spp |
Centaurea spp | Ranunculus acris L. |
Cerastium fontanum Baumg. | Ranunculus bulbosus L. |
Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. | Ranunculus repens L. |
Cirsium spp | Ranunculus spp |
Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. | Raphanus raphanistrum L. |
Clematis vitalba L. | Rosa spp |
Crataegus monogyna Jacq. | Rubus spp |
Crepis spp | Silene latifolia Poir. |
Daucus carota L. | Sinapis arvensis L. |
Dioscorea communis (L.) Caddick & Wilkin | Solanum nigrum L. |
Eryngium campestre L. | Sonchus asper (L.) Hill |
Euphorbia platyphyllos L. | Sonchus oleraceus L. |
Fraxinus excelsior L. | Stachys sylvatica L. |
Galium spp | Taraxacum officinale (L.) Weber |
Geranium dissectum L. | Tilia europaea L. |
Geranium robertianum L. | Torilis arvensis (Huds.) Link |
Hypericum perforatum L. | Trifolium dubium Sibth. |
Hypericum spp | Trifolium medium L. |
Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn. | Trifolium pratense L. |
Lapsana communis L. | Trifolium repens L. |
Lathyrus aphaca L. | Trifolium spp |
Lathyrus pratensis L. | Vicia cracca L. |
Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. | Vicia sativa L. |
Ligustrum vulgare L. | Vicia sepium L. |
Linum perenne L. | Vicia spp |
Linum usitatissimum L. | Vitis vinifera L. |
Lonicera caprifolium L. |
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Rivers-Moore, J.; Andrieu, E.; Vialatte, A.; Ouin, A. Wooded Semi-Natural Habitats Complement Permanent Grasslands in Supporting Wild Bee Diversity in Agricultural Landscapes. Insects 2020, 11, 812. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11110812
Rivers-Moore J, Andrieu E, Vialatte A, Ouin A. Wooded Semi-Natural Habitats Complement Permanent Grasslands in Supporting Wild Bee Diversity in Agricultural Landscapes. Insects. 2020; 11(11):812. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11110812
Chicago/Turabian StyleRivers-Moore, Justine, Emilie Andrieu, Aude Vialatte, and Annie Ouin. 2020. "Wooded Semi-Natural Habitats Complement Permanent Grasslands in Supporting Wild Bee Diversity in Agricultural Landscapes" Insects 11, no. 11: 812. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11110812