Crop and Semi-Natural Habitat Configuration Affects Diversity and Abundance of Native Bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) in a Large-Field Cotton Agroecosystem
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study System
2.2. Bee Collection and Processing
2.3. Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Year of Collection | 2017 | 2018 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bees Collected by Family 2 | CC 1 | CS | CN | CC | CS | CN | CCF | NH |
HALICTIDAE: Augochlorini | ||||||||
Augochlora aurifera (Cockerell) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Augochlorella aurata (Smith) | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
HALICTIDAE: Halictini | ||||||||
Agapostemon melliventris (Cresson) | 4 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 11 | 5 | 1 | 4 |
Agapostemon splendens (Lepeletier) | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
Agapostemon texanus (Cresson) | 4 | 0 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 11 | 6 | 2 |
Halictus (Odontalictus) ligatus Say | 2 | 16 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 10 | 4 | 0 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) coactum (Cresson) | 0 | 7 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 0 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) connexum (Cresson) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 0 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) disparile (Cresson) | 11 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 7 | 3 | 0 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) sp. A | 30 | 15 | 22 | 25 | 17 | 18 | 10 | 4 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) sp. B | 68 | 33 | 21 | 9 | 15 | 30 | 19 | 0 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) sp. C | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) sp. D | 8 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 8 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) sp. G | 1 | 1 | 0 | 23 | 35 | 71 | 21 | 4 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) sp. H | 2 | 3 | 1 | 40 | 34 | 42 | 14 | 6 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) sp. I | 0 | 4 | 0 | 25 | 30 | 39 | 22 | 3 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) sp. J | 0 | 1 | 0 | 29 | 17 | 31 | 25 | 1 |
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) sp. K | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
HALICTIDAE: Nomiini | ||||||||
Nomia (Acunomia) nortoni Cresson | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
MEGACHILIDAE: Megachilini | ||||||||
Megachile (Litomegachile) brevis Say | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 8 | 0 | 4 |
Megachile (Litomegachile) lippiae Say | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 |
Megachile (Litomegachile) gentilis Cresson | 2 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 5 |
Megachile (Litomegachile) policaris Cresson | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 3 |
APIDAE: Anthophorini | ||||||||
Anthophora californica Cresson | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
APIDAE: Ceratini | ||||||||
Ceratina (Zadontomerus) spp. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 2 | 9 |
APIDAE: Emphorini | ||||||||
Diadasia rinconis Cockerell | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 6 |
Melitoma spp. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
APIDAE: Eucerini | ||||||||
Florilegus condignus (Cresson) | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Melissodes (Melissodes) communis Cresson | 2 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Melissodes (Melissodes) tepaneca Cresson | 223 | 50 | 255 | 1004 | 1277 | 360 | 786 | 259 |
Svastra (Epimelissodes) obliqua (Say) | 0 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Svastra (Epimelissodes) petulca (Cresson) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
APIDAE: Xylocopini | ||||||||
Xylocopa (Notoxylocopa) tabaniformis Smith | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total Specimens Collected | 367 | 185 | 346 | 1210 | 1505 | 681 | 938 | 331 |
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Esquivel, I.L.; Parys, K.A.; Wright, K.W.; Eubanks, M.D.; Oswald, J.D.; Coulson, R.N.; Brewer, M.J. Crop and Semi-Natural Habitat Configuration Affects Diversity and Abundance of Native Bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) in a Large-Field Cotton Agroecosystem. Insects 2021, 12, 601. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12070601
Esquivel IL, Parys KA, Wright KW, Eubanks MD, Oswald JD, Coulson RN, Brewer MJ. Crop and Semi-Natural Habitat Configuration Affects Diversity and Abundance of Native Bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) in a Large-Field Cotton Agroecosystem. Insects. 2021; 12(7):601. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12070601
Chicago/Turabian StyleEsquivel, Isaac L., Katherine A. Parys, Karen W. Wright, Micky D. Eubanks, John D. Oswald, Robert N. Coulson, and Michael J. Brewer. 2021. "Crop and Semi-Natural Habitat Configuration Affects Diversity and Abundance of Native Bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) in a Large-Field Cotton Agroecosystem" Insects 12, no. 7: 601. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12070601